Egypt Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

Energy consumption per capita stands at 0.87 toe in 2020 (-10% compared to 2019), including 1 490 kWh of electricity (-3%).

The total energy consumption decreased by around 8% in 2020. Previously, it had increased by 3.8%/year between 2013 and 2019.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Interactive Chart Egypt Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Oil production has declined by 18% since 2014, 5% of which in 2020 to 29 Mt. Production is concentrated in the Western Desert (56%) and the Gulf of Suez (20%).

Imports of crude oil increased by almost 85% in 2020 to 9.2 Mt due to the drop in international oil prices and rising oil demand from new refineries. Net exports of crude oil declined from 3.1 Mt in 2019 to 0.05 Mt in 2020.

The country has a refining capacity of 810 kb/d (end of 2020).

Interactive Chart Egypt Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Since 2015, oil consumption declined by 4.6%/year on average, including -10% in 2020. Previously, it had increased by 5.3%/year between 2003 and 2015. The recent drop is mainly due to lower consumption for power generation (-11%/year since2019).

The largest share of the oil consumption is absorbed by the transport sector (49%), followed by the power sector (17%), buildings (14%), and industry (12%).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Egypt Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption declined by 2.6% in 2020 to 61 bcm. Previously it had increased by around 8%/year between 2014 and 2019, driven by electricity production.

Over 60% of the gas is used for the generation of electricity and about a quarter in industry.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Egypt Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Coal consumption grew 7-fold from 0.7 Mt in 2011 to 7.1 Mt in 2019, but dropped by 60% in 2020.

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Egypt Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

In 2020, electricity consumption declined by 1% to 153 TWh, due a lower demand from services (-5.5%) and industry (-4.9%). Electricity consumption growth has slowed down since 2011 (2.2%/year compared to 6.4%/year between 1990 and 2011).

Households absorb 41% of that consumption, followed by industry (28%) and services (20%) (2020).

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020,%)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

NREA, New & Renewable Energy Authority, was created in 1986 under the supervision of MERE to promote renewables.

The Renewable Energy Law (2014) establishes different schemes for the private development of renewable energy projects, including the IPP public competitive bidding process, feed-in tariffs (FIT), and private-to-private sale of electricity from renewables.

Interactive Chart Egypt Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

In its first NDC, Egypt plans to phase out energy subsidies within three or five years and, possibly, to create a national carbon market. It also aims to rely on renewables and nuclear. The initial total estimated cost of implementing adaptation measures is estimated at US$73bn.

CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion declined by 9.4% in 2020, to 215 MtCO₂. Previously, they increased by 3.3%/year over 2014-2019.

Graph: CO₂-ENERGY EMISSIONS (MtCO₂)