Egypt energy report

• The country prioritises the use of natural gas as a substitute for oil and targets a share of 42% of renewables in the power mix in 2035.
• EEHC, a public company, is the main actor in the electricity sector.
• Shell and Eni are the main exploration and production companies.
• Gas production has increased by 64% since 2016.
• The solar capacity doubled in 2019, reaching 1.7 GW.
• The government started to cut energy subsidies in 2016 as part of an IMF program, which led to significant price increases. These prices, however, remain lower than in neighbouring countries.
• The progression of the country's energy consumption slowed down in 2018 and 2019 after a rapid increase in 2016 and 2017. Gas supplies 54% of this consumption.
• The country is launching major projects to raise its wind and solar capacities.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  Two ministries share the main responsibility for the energy sector: the Ministry of Petroleum (MOP), which oversees the hydrocarbon sector and holds participation in state-owned oil & gas companies, and the Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy (MERE), which supervises several agencies, including the New & Renewable Energy Authority, the Nuclear Power Plants Authority and the Hyd

• Energy Companies

  Oil:

  The sector is dominated by national oil company EGPC (Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation). EGPC exercises control either directly or through different subsidiaries.

• Energy Supply

  Resources:

  Egypt has significant hydrocarbon resources: 417 Mt of oil reserves and 2 221 bcm of gas (end of 2019). Coal resources are limited (16 Mt), whereas the hydroelectric potential is already being exploited through the Aswan dam. With 2 300-4 000 hours of sun per year, the country's solar energy potential is high. The country also has a high wind energy potential along the Red Sea.

• Energy Prices

  Oil:

  In dollars terms, gasoline and diesel prices have been increasing since 2018 by 15%/year and 56%/year, respectively, due to the cut in energy subsidies and the rebound in oil prices.

  In 2019, gasoline prices at purchasing power parity were higher in Egypt than in Algeria (+99%) and Israel (+23%), but lower than in Tunisia (-10%) and Jordan (-25%).

• Energy Consumption

  Energy consumption per capita stands at 0.97 toe, including 1 550 kWh of electricity (2019).

  The total energy consumption increased by 3% in 2018 and 1.5% in 2019 after growing by more than 7% in 2016 and 2017. It grew by 1%/year between 2010 and 2015, after a 6%/year increase over 2000-2010.

  Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

• Issues & Prospects

  Electricity:

  Egypt aims to boost its capacity by up to 30 GW by 2025, 8 GW of which should come from renewables. EEHC plans to add 13 GW of thermal capacity totalling $20bn in investments between 2022 and 2027.

  In 2016, the Ministry prepared a long-term strategy aimed at investing up to US$135bn to provide 51 GW of electricity until 2035.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY COMPANIES
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the Egypt energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2019, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2019, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 8: Total consumption market share by energy (2019, %)
• GRAPH 9: Final consumption market share by sector (2019, %)
• GRAPH 10: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2019, %)
• GRAPH 12: Electricity consumption (TWh)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2019, %)
• GRAPH 14: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 15: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2019, %)
• GRAPH 16: Coal consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 17: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2019, %)

In the Egypt energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Egypt country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.