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4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
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44 (Report only)
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Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY
  • ENERGY PRICES
  • ENERGY CONSUMPTION
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • DATA TABLES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

This analysis includes a comprehensive Egypt energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.

Highlights

  • Egypt aims to achieve 42% of renewables in its power mix and to reduce GHG emissions by 37% in 2030.
  • The state-owned utility EEHC is the main power generator and has a monopoly over transmission and distribution.
  • BP aims to invest US$1.5bn for gas exploration.
  • Gas dominates the power mix (67% in 2023).
  • Gas imports increased rapidly in 2023, reaching 9 bcm (+37%).
  • In the first quarter of 2024, diesel and electricity prices increased by around 20%.
  • Gas accounts for 52% of total consumption and around 53% of the gas is used for power generation (2023).
  • Egypt and China aim to develop 10 GW of solar capacity, able to generate 30 TWh/year of electricity.
  • Construction of the 1.2 GW unit 4 of the El Dabaa nuclear power plant has started.
  • Framework agreements for green hydrogen projects with initial investments worth US$37bn have been signed.
67%
of gas in the power mix (2023)
42%
of renewables in the power mix by 2030
-37%
GHG emissions reduction target by 2030

  • Institutions & Energy Policy

    Two ministries share the main responsibility for the energy sector. The Ministry of Petroleum & Mineral Resources (MPMR) oversees the hydrocarbon sector and holds participation in state-owned oil & gas companies.

  • Energy Companies

    Electricity:

    EEHC (Egyptian Electricity Holding Company) is the state-owned electric utility.

  • Energy Supply

    Oil:

    Crude oil production has remained stable since 2021 (31 Mt) and declined by 9% from 2019 to 2021, (34Mt). It remained stable from 2010 to 2019. Production is concentrated in the Western Desert (56%) and the Gulf of Suez (23%). Egypt consumes almost all of its oil production.

  • Energy Prices

    Oil:

    In 2019, Egypt introduced a fuel price indexation scheme. As a smoothing mechanism, the formula caps the quarterly change in retail prices from movements in variable cost at 10%. To contribute to finance the cost of the pandemic, in 2020, the country imposed a development fee on gasoline and diesel fuel.

  • Energy Consumption

    Energy consumption per capita stood at 0.90 toe in 2023 (around 15% below the North African average), including 1 540 kWh of electricity (similar to the regional average).

    Total energy consumption was stable in 2022 and 2023 at 102 Mtoe, after a strong rebound in 2021 (+9.5%). In 2020, it declined by (-6.3%), reaching 92 Mtoe.

    Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

  • Issues & Prospects

    Electricity:

    Egypt aims to boost its capacity by up to 30 GW by 2025, 8 GW of which should come from renewables. EEHC plans to add 13 GW of thermal capacity totalling US$20bn in investments between 2022 and 2027.

    In 2016, the Ministry prepared a long-term strategy aimed at investing up to US$135bn to provide 51 GW of electricity until 2035.

  • GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
  • GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
  • GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l)
  • GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh)
  • GRAPH 7: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
  • GRAPH 8: Total consumption market share by energy (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 9: Final consumption market share by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 10: Oil consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 11: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 12: Electricity consumption (TWh)
  • GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2023,%)
  • GRAPH 14: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
  • GRAPH 15: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 16: Coal consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 17: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
  • Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Egypt energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Egypt country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Egypt Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Egypt energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Egypt country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.