Spain Energy Information

Spain Energy Research

Spain Total Energy Production & Consumption

In 2024, total consumption per capita was 2.3 toe, including 4 700 kWh of electricity.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Total energy consumption increased by 1% in 2024 (112 Mtoe), after having remained around the average growth since 2021 (0.8%/year). Previously, it had declined by 1.6%/year between 2017 and 2019. The 2008 crisis slashed energy consumption (-3.3%/year until 2014), which recovered rapidly between 2014 and 2017 (+3%/year).

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Spain Oil Production & Consumption

Oil production is negligible. Crude oil imports increased slightly - by 3% - in 2024, reaching 63.4 Mt, returning to its historical growth from 2010 to 2018. The main suppliers of crude in 2024 were the United States (16%), Brazil (14%), Mexico (13%), and Nigeria (11%).

Spain has 9 oil refineries with a total capacity of about 1.6 mb/d. Refined oil product production increased by 3% to 63 Mt in 2024, after a reduction in 2023 (-3%), following increases in 2022 and 2021 of 7% and 4%, respectively.

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Spain Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Spain Natural Gas Production & Consumption

The country's gas consumption has decreased by 8%/year since 20232%, reaching 28 bcm in 2024 due to a 24%/year drop in power sector consumption. It increased by 6% in 2021 after having dropped by 10% in 2020. Gas consumption surged by 11%/year between 2000 and 2008 with the rapid development of CCGT capacities; it fell by 6%/year until 2014 in the wake of the economic crisis and then recovered until 2019 (+5.5%/year) as gas consumption in the power sector skyrocketed (+13%/year).

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Spain Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Coal consumption decreased by 14% in 2024 to 3.7 Mt after a 25% increase in 2022. Historically, coal has seen a steady drop in consumption since 2016; the most dramatic fall was in 2019, with a 76% decrease.

Around half of the coal and lignite is used in the coal industry (46% in 2024), followed by power generation (38%) and industry (16%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2024, %)

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Spain Power Production & Consumption

The country's electricity consumption increased marginally -by 1%- to 232 TWh in 2024, after two years with a declining trend (-1%/year) and a 3.5% increase in 2021. Previously, electricity consumption surged between 2000 and 2008 (+3.7%/year), dipped until 2014 (-1.8%/year), and recovered slightly until 2018 (+1.3%/year), before decreasing until 2020 (-8%, of which -6% in 2020).

The share of electricity in final energy consumption increased regularly from 18% in 1990 to 22.5% in 2010 and has remained stable since then (23% in 2024).

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain Power Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Spain Renewable in % Electricity Production

The target set in the National Action Plan for Renewable Energies (PANER, 2010) for a share of renewables in final energy consumption of 22.7% in 2020 was missed by 1.5 points, with 21.2% achieved.

Under the NECP 2023-2030, Spain increased the share of renewables from the previous target of 42% to 48% of final energy consumption, of which 81% is for power (up from 74%) and 28% for transport (up from 25%). In 2023, renewables covered 25% of the final consumption (56.9% for electricity, 21.5% for heating and cooling, and 12% in transport).

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Spain GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

GHG emissions decreased by 9% in 2023 to 219 MtCO2eq, after increasing by 8% in 2021 and by 2% in 2022; they fell by nearly 5%/year over 2007-2014, recovered until 2017, and then declined again until 2020 (-14% in 2020 alone).

According to the NECP 2023-2030, Spain aims to reduce its GHG gas emissions by 32% in 2030 compared to 1990 levels (70% emission reduction in ETS sectors and 43% in other sectors); in 2023, they were 13% below 1990 levels and 44% below 2005.

Source: Spain energy report

Interactive Chart Spain CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data