Spain Key Figures
- Population:
- 47.3 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 5.13 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 30.0%
Data of the last year available: 2021
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 74.1 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 4.57 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 10.3%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Spain energy report
Spain Related News
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Spain Related Research
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Total Energy Consumption
In 2021, total consumption per capita was 2.4 toe (21% lower than the EU average), including 4 960 kWh of electricity (14% below the EU average).
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption rebounded by 5.7% in 2021 to 114 Mtoe, after a 10% decrease in 2020. Previously, it had declined by 1.6%/year between 2017 and 2019. The 2008 crisis slashed energy consumption (-3.3%/year until 2014), which recovered rapidly between 2014 and 2017 (+3%/year).
Interactive Chart Spain Total Energy Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Spain energy report
Crude Oil Production
Oil production is very low (below 10 kt in 2021). Crude oil imports increased by 2.7%/year from 2010 to 2018 and fell by 15% in 2020, before increasing again by 4% in 2021 to 61 Mt. The main suppliers of crude in 2021 were Nigeria (18%), Mexico (14%), and Kazakhstan (7%). According to preliminary estimates, crude oil imports increased significantly in 2022 (+13% over the first 11 months of the year).
Interactive Chart Spain Crude Oil Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Oil Products Consumption
Oil product consumption rose by 10% to over 47 Mt in 2021, after a sharp 15% drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. According to preliminary estimates, consumption continued to rise in 2022 (+8% over the first 11 months of the year). Previously, it had been recovering since 2014 (+1.8%/year) after a rapid reduction over 2007-2014.
Of total oil consumption, 57% is absorbed by the transport sector, with power plants accounting for just 4% of oil demand.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Spain Refined Oil Products Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Natural Gas Consumption
The country's gas consumption increased by 6% to 34 bcm in 2021 after a 10% drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak. According to preliminary estimates, gas consumption declined by 3.7% in 2022, due to lower industrial demand, which was partly offset by a 53% surge in the power sector (lower hydropower generation and increased electricity exports).
Interactive Chart Spain Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset
Coal Consumption
Coal consumption dropped by 76% between 2018 and 2020, from 21 Mt to 5 Mt, and remained stable in 2021.
Around half of the coal and lignite is used for power generation (49% in 2021), followed by industry (40%).
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)
Interactive Chart Spain Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Spain energy report
Power Consumption
The country's electricity consumption increased by 3.2% to 235 TWh in 2021 after dropping by 6.2% in 2020 and 1.5% in 2019, mainly due to lower demand from the industrial sector. According to preliminary estimates, electricity consumption dipped by 2.9% in 2022.
Previously, electricity consumption surged between 2000 and 2008 (+3.7%/year), dipped until 2014 (-1.8%/year), and recovered slightly until 2018 (+1.3%/year).
The share of electricity in final energy consumption regularly increased from 18% in 1990 to 22.5% in 2010, and 23% in 2021.
Renewable in % Electricity Production
The target set in the National Action Plan for Renewable Energies (PANER, 2010) for a share of renewables in final energy consumption of 22.7% in 2020 was missed by 1.5 points (21.2% achieved).
Under the NECP 2021-2030, renewables should cover 42% of final energy consumption in 2030. They should contribute 74% of power generation by 2030 and 100% in 2050. To reach this target, the government aims to install 22 GW of wind, 30 GW of solar PV, 5 GW of CSP, 3.5 GW of pumped-storage, and 800 MW of biomass between 2020 and 2030.
Interactive Chart Spain Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
GHG emissions (total net emissions with international aviation) declined by 23% (-5.2%/year) between 2017 and 2020 to 246 MtCO2eq, as a result of higher renewable power generation, lower coal use, and, in 2020, transport restrictions. After a 28% fall due to the economic downturn between 2007 and 2013, GHG emissions rose by 1.2%/year between 2013 and 2017.