Slovakia Energy Information

Slovakia Energy Research

- Slovakia's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Slovakia aims for 19% renewables by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050. The Ministry of Economy oversees energy policy, with URSO regulating electricity and gas. The NECP targets energy efficiency, renewables, and GHG reductions, while phasing out coal and expanding nuclear and renewables.

- Slovakia's Energy Companies: "Historical firms dominate Slovakia's energy sector, with SE leading power generation (68%) and Slovnaft the sole refinery. E.ON controls distribution, while SPP manages gas supply. State and private entities share ownership across key players."

- Slovakia's Energy Supply & Demand: In 2024, Slovakia's energy mix was dominated by nuclear power (61%), with declining primary energy consumption (-2%/year since 2023). Electricity generation remained stable at 30 TWh, with nuclear leading, followed by hydro and gas. The country is a net electricity exporter, primarily to Hungary and Ukraine. Oil and gas imports remain significant, with limited domestic production. Coal use has declined sharply, and lignite production ceased. GHG emissions have decreased, with energy-related CO₂ emissions dropping by 5% in 2024. Slovakia's CO₂ intensity of GDP is improving, outpacing OECD averages.

- Slovakia's Energy Use & Price by Sector: In 2024, industrial and electricity prices surged in 2022 before falling. Final energy demand decreased to 10 Mtoe, with oil and gas dominating the mix. Industry's share dropped, while transport's rose. Electricity's share is projected to grow significantly by 2050.

- Slovakia's Issues & Prospects: Slovakia plans to expand its nuclear capacity with Mochovce 4 (2026) and a new reactor at Jaslovské Bohunice. Gas and renewable projects are also in development, with interconnections strengthening regional energy ties.

Slovakia Total Energy Production & Consumption

Primary energy consumption has been declining by 2%/year since 2023, after a 7% drop in 2022 (16 Mtoe in 2024). Since 2017, consumption has been steadily decreasing (‑2%/year on average), except in 2018, when it saw a nearly 9% rebound. At 3.2 toe, total energy consumption per capita is 14% above the EU average.

Primary electricity accounts for nearly one-third of this consumption (28% of which is nuclear), while oil and gas each represent about one-quarter. Coal (11%) and biomass (10%) complete the energy mix.

Source: Slovakia energy report

Interactive Chart Slovakia Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Slovakia Oil Production & Consumption

Slovakia produces very limited amounts of crude oil (0.2 Mt in 2024), which is used in the petrochemical industry only.

Source: Slovakia energy report

Interactive Chart Slovakia Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Slovakia Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Slovakia Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Natural gas production is limited and declining (about 40 mcm in 2024, -13%/year since 2018). Imports continued to decrease in 2024 (-11%) to 4 bcm due to high gas prices, after experiencing a rebound in 2021 and 2022. Most of the gas imports came from Russia (87% in 2022), under a 20-year contract for 6.5 bcm/year over 2008-2028 signed with Gazprom.

Source: Slovakia energy report

Interactive Chart Slovakia Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Slovakia Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Lignite production has been falling since 2000 (3.6 Mt) to less than 1 Mt in 2022 and 2023 and 0 in 2024, after the country ended its producing activities.

Coal imports decreased by 3%/year between 2010 and 2024 to 3 Mt, in line with coal and lignite-fired power unit shutdowns. In 2022, coal was imported from the United States (20%), Czechia (18%), Poland (12%), Ukraine (10%), and Russia (7%).

Source: Slovakia energy report

Interactive Chart Slovakia Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Slovakia Renewable in % Electricity Production

SIEA, the Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, oversees the implementation of programmes on renewables.

The national target to increase the share of renewables in final consumption to 14% in 2020 was exceeded by 3.3 points, reaching 17.3%. The final updated NECP (2025) aims to raise this share to 25% in 2030, including 26% for electricity, 34% for heating, and 29% for transport (17% in 2023, 24.2% of which for electricity, 18.8% for heating, and 9.2% for transport).

Source: Slovakia energy report

Interactive Chart Slovakia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Slovakia GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its NDC, Slovakia has a binding GHG emission reduction target of at least 64% by 2030 compared to 1990. By 2030, Slovakia aims to cut its GHG emissions in the ETS sectors by 43% (as other EU members) and those in the non-ETS sectors by 22.7% compared to 2005 levels.

Source: Slovakia energy report

Interactive Chart Slovakia CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data