Slovakia Key Figures
- Population:
- 5.43 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 1.60 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 46.1%
Data of the last year available: 2023
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 53.0 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 5.61 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 5.22%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Slovakia energy report
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Slovakia Energy Research
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Slovakia Total Energy Consumption
At 3.2 toe, total energy consumption per capita is 14% above the EU average; power consumption per capita is 23% lower (4 114 kWh) (2023).
Total energy consumption increased by 1.2% in 2023 to 17.1 Mtoe, after a 7% drop in 2022; it is close to its 2019 level. It fell between 2002 and 2014 (-1.3%/year), then recovered until 2017 (+2.9%/year until 2017) before stabilising until 2019.
Primary energy intensity to the GDP has decreased by 2.8%/year since 2010. It is now 39% higher than the EU average (at purchasing power parity).
Interactive Chart Slovakia Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Slovakia energy report
Slovakia Crude Oil Production
Slovakia produces very limited amounts of crude oil (0.3 Mt in 2023), which is used in the petrochemical industry only.
Crude oil imports (5.4 Mt in 2023) come mainly from Russia (96% in 2022) through the Druzhba pipeline. The pipeline, with a capacity of 20 Mt/year in the Slovak section, runs through Belarus and Ukraine. Oil is exported to Croatia through the Adria pipeline, which is connected to the Druzhba (Friendship) pipeline. In July 2024, Ukraine halted oil deliveries via its territory through the Druzhba pipeline to Slovakia and Hungary for supplies coming from Lukoil.
Interactive Chart Slovakia Crude Oil Production
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Slovakia Oil Products Consumption
In 2023, oil consumption remained stable (4.1 Mt) and above its 2019 levels, when it dropped to 3.9 Mt. The rebound was mainly driven by transport demand (+12% between 2021 and 2022). Before that, it grew by 3.4%/year between 2013 and 2018.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
The transport sector absorbed 57% of the oil consumption in 2023, followed by non-energy uses (19%) and industry (8%), while power plants and buildings account for only 2% each.
Interactive Chart Slovakia Refined Oil Products Production
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Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Slovakia Natural Gas Consumption
In 2023, natural gas consumption dropped by 5% to 4.3 bcm, after experiencing an 18% drop in 2022, and remains well below 2019 levels (-13%). This significant drop was mainly due to a strong decrease in natural gas consumption by power plants (-42%) and, to a lesser extent, to lower demand in the residential and services sectors (-13%) due to rising gas prices. Natural gas consumption soared by 12% in 2021 to 5.5 bcm and was relatively stable around 4.9 bcm between 2018 and 2020.
Interactive Chart Slovakia Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Slovakia Coal Consumption
After a 19% rebound in 2021, coal and lignite consumption dropped by 11% in 2022 and 2.5% in 2023 to 4.2 Mt, continuing its downward trend since 1990 (-50% between 1990 and 2000, -30% up to 2015 to 6.4 Mt, broadly stable up to 2018, and down 29% between 2018 and 2020).
Coal and lignite consumption from the power sector has decreased by 62% since 2010, due to successive coal and lignite-fired unit closures. It decreased more slowly in industry (-18% since 2010).
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Slovakia Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
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View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Slovakia energy report
Slovakia Power Consumption
Electricity consumption dropped by 7% in 2023 to 22.3 TWh, after experiencing a 9% drop in 2022 due to rising electricity prices. In 2021, it rebounded by 7%, after a 5% decrease in 2020. Before that, electricity consumption had increased by an average of 1%/year between 2010 and 2018.
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Electricity is mainly consumed by industry (41%), followed by services (26%) and the residential sector (25%) (2023).
Slovakia Renewable in % Electricity Production
SIEA, the Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, oversees the implementation of programmes on renewables.
The national target to increase the share of renewables in final consumption to 14% in 2020 was exceeded by 3.3 points, reaching 17.3%. The 2023 NECP aims to raise this share to 19% in 2030, including 27% for electricity, 19% for heating, and 14% for transport (17% in 2023, 24.2% of which for electricity, 18.8% for heating, and 9.2% for transport).
Interactive Chart Slovakia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
Slovakia CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
GHG emissions decreased by 12% in 2022 to 30 MtCO2eq, after a 14% rebound in 2021; they stood 53% below 1990 levels.
In its NDC, Slovakia has a binding GHG emission reduction target of at least 40% by 2030 compared to 1990. By 2030, Slovakia aims to cut its GHG emissions in the ETS sectors by 43% (as other EU members) and those in the non-ETS sectors by 22.7% compared to 2005 levels.