Poland Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

In 2020, total energy consumption per capita was 2.6 toe (around 10% below the EU average), including around 3 800 kWh of electricity (28% below the EU average).

Since 2018, total energy consumption has declined by 4%/year on average (including -6% in 2020). Previously, it increased by 3.7%/year between 2015 and 2018.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Interactive Chart Poland Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Poland's oil production is limited (around 5% of its needs with 1.5 Mt in 2020). In 2020, Poland imported 27.3 Mt of crude oil (-6% compared to 2019). Russia accounted for 64% of Polish crude oil imports in 2020 (94% in 2020).

Interactive Chart Poland Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Oil consumption declined by 2.6% in 2020 to 29 Mt, after a period of moderate growth between 2017 and 2019 (+1.8%/year). Previously, oil consumption grew rapidly between 2014 and 2017 (+9.9%/year), thanks to the economic recovery and low oil prices.

Around 68% of oil products are consumed in transport and 15% in industry (including non-energy uses).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Poland Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption has been increasing more rapidly since 2014 (+3.4%/year until 2020, against 2%/year on average between 2000 and 2014), partly because of the commissioning of new gas-fired power capacities.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Industry, including non-energy uses, accounts for 37% of the country's gas consumption. Households, services, and agriculture consume about a third of the gas (2020). Only 17% of the gas is consumed in the power sector.

Interactive Chart Poland Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Consumption of coal and lignite declined by 11.3%/year since 2019, after a consistent, slow decline as of 2000 (-0.7%/year over 2000-2019).

Coal and lignite are mainly consumed by power plants (81% in 2020). The share of industry is marginal (5%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Poland Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Since 2018, electricity consumption has fallen by 2.3%/year (-3.5% in 2020) to 145 TWh, after 2.4%/year growth between 2009 and 2018.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Industry consumes 37% of the country's electricity, followed by services with 31% and households with 21%.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020,%)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

According to the European Directive on renewables, the national target was to reach a 15% share of renewables in the final consumption in 2020 (12.2% in 2019). The NECP targets 21-23% of renewables in final energy consumption in 2030 and 27% in power production by 2030. These targets were raised in the energy policy until 2040, which aims to reach at least 23% of renewable energy sources in gross final energy consumption in 2030 (at least 32% in electricity, mainly from wind and solar PV, 28% in heating and 14% in transports).

Interactive Chart Poland Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions (without LULUCF) remained stable in 2019, after a 1% decrease in 2018 and a 2.3%/year increase between 2014 and 2017; in 2019, they were 15% below their 1990 level.