Poland Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

In 2021, total energy consumption per capita was 2.9 toe (around 10% below the EU average), including around 4 100 kWh of electricity (28% below the EU average).

Between 2018 and 2020, total energy consumption declined by 4%/year on average, before a 6% rebound in 2021 to 108 Mtoe. Previously, it increased by 3.7%/year between 2015 and 2018.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Interactive Chart Poland Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Poland's oil production is limited (around 5% of its needs with 1.4 Mt in 2021). In 2021, Poland imported 24 Mt of crude oil (-3% compared to 2020). Russia accounted for 64% of crude oil imports in 2020, down from 78% in 2011.

Interactive Chart Poland Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Oil consumption increased by 4% in 2021 to 30 Mt, after a 3.5% decline in 2020.Previously, oil consumption had a period of moderate growth between 2017 and 2019 (+1.8%/year), and very rapid growth between 2014 and 2017 (+9.9%/year), thanks to the economic recovery and low oil prices.

Around 69% of oil products are consumed in transport and 14% in industry (including non-energy uses).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)

Interactive Chart Poland Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption has been increasing very rapidly since 2014 (+3.5%/year) to 23.6 bcm in 2021. Growth was 2%/year on average between 2000 and 2014.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Industry, including non-energy uses, accounts for 34% of the country's gas consumption, households, services, and agriculture for 29%, and the power sector for 18% (2021).

Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021%)

Interactive Chart Poland Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Consumption of coal and lignite increased by 9% in 2021 to 112.5 Mt, after experiencing an 8.5% decline in 2020. Previously, coal consumption was decreasing regularly (-0.7%/year over 2000-2019).

Coal and lignite are mainly consumed by power plants (79% in 2021). The share of industry is marginal (5%). Residential, services, and agriculture make about 10% of coal consumption.

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)

Interactive Chart Poland Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption increased by 6% in 2021 to 157 TWh after a 2.5% reduction in 2020. Previously, electricity consumption had grown by 2.4%/year between 2009 and 2018.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

In 2021, industry consumes 37% of the country's electricity, followed by services with 32%, households with 20%, and transport with 2%.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021,%)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

The 2020 target of the European Directive on renewables for a 15% share of renewables in the final consumption was not reached (12.9% in 2020 and 13% in 2021). The energy policy until 2040 aims to reach at least 23% of renewable energy sources in the final energy consumption in 2030 (i.e. the upper value of the NECP target of 21-23%), of which at least 32% is in electricity (compared to 27% in the NECP), 28% in heating, and 14% in transport.

Interactive Chart Poland Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions (without LULUCF) decreased by 5% in 2020 compared to 2019, to 310 MtCO₂eq. Preliminary estimations reveal a 7.5% increase in GHG emissions for 2021 (333 MtCO₂eq). Previously, emissions experienced a 1% decrease in 2018 and a 2.3%/year increase between 2014 and 2017; in 2020, emissions were 19% below their 1990 level.