Poland Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

In 2019, total energy consumption per capita was 2.7 toe (13% below the EU average), including around 3 900 kWh of electricity (30% below the EU average).

Total energy consumption declined by 3.2% in 2019. Previously, it increased by 2.9%/year between 2015 and 2018.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Interactive Chart Poland Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Poland's oil production is limited (less than 10% of its needs with 1.6 Mt in 2019). The share of Russia in oil imports has been decreasing during the last decade (60% in 2019 compared to more than 90% in 2010).

Poland has a refining capacity of 27 Mt/year, split into two large refineries: Płock (16 Mt/year), which produces 60% of the country's gasoline, and Gdansk (10.5 Mt/year). In 2019, 29 Mt of oil products were produced (1/5 of which were exported) and 9.3 Mt were imported.

Interactive Chart Poland Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Oil consumption has been growing rapidly since 2014 (+6.7%/year) thanks to the economic recovery and low oil prices, reaching 29 Mt in 2019. It fell by 4.2%/year between 2010 and 2013 due to the economic slowdown, high fuel prices and a growing informal market.

Around 69% of oil products are consumed in transport and 16% in industry (including non-energy uses).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019, %)

Interactive Chart Poland Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption has been increasing more rapidly since 2014 (4%/year, against 2%/year on average between 2000 and 2014), partly because of the commissioning of new gas-fired power capacities.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Industry, including non-energy uses, consumes 34% of the country's gas. Households, services, and agriculture consume about a third of the gas (2019). Only 13% of the gas is consumed in the power sector.

Interactive Chart Poland Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Consumption of coal and lignite declined by 11% in 2019.

Coal and lignite are mainly consumed by power plants (76% in 2019). The share of industry is marginal (7%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019, %)

Interactive Chart Poland Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption fell by 2% in 2019. Previously, it had increased by 2.4%/year between 2009 and 2018.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Industry consumes 38% of the country's electricity, followed by services with 32% and households with 19%.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019,%)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

According to the European Directive on renewables, the national target is to reach a 15% share of renewables in the final consumption in 2020 (11.2% in 2018).

Poland's updated energy policy until 2040 targets 21-23% of renewables in final energy consumption in 2030 and 27% in power production by 2030. The development of new offshore wind and solar PV projects could amount to 30 GW by 2040. Similar targets are included in the NECP (2019).

Interactive Chart Poland Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions, are increasing by 2.3%/year since 2014, reaching 416 Mt in 2017, which is 12% below their 1990 level; they declined by 1.5%/year over 2011-2014.

Poland, as all EU members, has a binding 40% GHG emission reduction target by 2030 compared to 1990 in its NDC. Poland's energy strategy until 2040 reaffirms this objective and adds the target of a 30% cut in CO₂ emissions in 2030 compared to their 1990 levels.