Tunisia Energy Information

Tunisia Energy Research

- Tunisia's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Tunisia aims for 35% renewable energy in its power mix by 2030, with plans to establish an energy regulator. The country has introduced policies to encourage private investment in renewables and improve energy efficiency, though progress has been slower than targeted. Tunisia also targets green hydrogen production and aims for carbon neutrality by 2050.

- Tunisia's Energy Companies: STEG dominates Tunisia's electricity and gas sectors, while ETAP leads in oil and gas. STEG manages generation, transmission, and distribution, with a vast network and significant production. ETAP oversees upstream oil activities, with foreign partners in exploration and production. Downstream, state-owned STIR operates the sole refinery, with various companies managing distribution. Gas supply is primarily handled by ETAP, with STEG controlling transmission and distribution.

- Tunisia's Energy Supply & Demand: Tunisia heavily relies on gas imports from Algeria, with gas dominating its energy mix. Per capita consumption is low but stable, with gas and oil as primary sources. Renewable energy capacity is growing, yet power generation remains gas-dependent. Oil production is declining, and the country imports refined products. Gas production has halved since 2010, increasing reliance on imports. GHG emissions are decreasing, but energy-related CO₂ emissions persist.

- Tunisia's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Final energy consumption rose 2% annually from 2011 to 2022, stabilising at 8.3 Mtoe in 2024. Oil dominates (54%), followed by electricity (19%), gas (16%), and biomass (11%). Households and services account for 44% of demand, transport 29%, and industry 24%. Electricity prices align with gas prices due to its dominant share in the power mix. The government is gradually reducing energy subsidies to cut the budget deficit.

- Tunisia's Issues & Prospects: Tunisia plans to develop over 2 GW of renewables by 2025 and aims to export 6 Mt of green hydrogen to Europe by 2050. The country is advancing solar, wind, and green hydrogen projects, including collaborations with international firms like ACWA Power and HDF Energy. Transmission infrastructure is also being upgraded to support these initiatives.

Tunisia Total Energy Production & Consumption

The country's per capita consumption is 0.9 toe in 2024, which is 3 times lower than the EU average but in line with the average for the North African region.

Total energy consumption has remained roughly stable since 2010 (11 Mtoe in 2024), apart from a 5% drop in 2020 and an 8% rebound in 2021. Between 2000 and 2010, this consumption grew by 3.8%/year.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Oil Production & Consumption

After a rapid increase in 2021 (+23%) due to the commissioning of the Halk el Manzel field, oil production decreased rapidly to 1.5 Mt in 2024 (-11%/year). Since 2007, production has decreased by 6%/year on average. Exceptionally, it increased significantly in 2007 (+38%) through the exploitation of several small wells in southern Tunisia, mainly the offshore field of Oudna (80 km from the coastline in the Gulf of Hammamet, with a production of around 15 kb/d).

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Tunisia Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Gas production has halved since 2010 (-21% in 2024), reaching 1.8 bcm. Gas production increased by 15% in 2021 due to the start of production at the Nawara field. Between 2010 and 2019, production decreased by 5%/year, from a peak of almost 3.8 bcm in 2010 to 2.3 bcm in 2019.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Tunisia doesn't produce coal and coal consumption has almost completely disappeared. Coal was mainly used in the cement industry, where it was replaced by petroleum coke.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Renewable in % Electricity Production

Tunisia' Energy sector strategy through 2035 (2023) aims to reach 8 530 MW of renewables by 2035 (4 850 MW by 2030). This target should help raise the share of renewables in primary energy consumption to 18% by 2035.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its updated NDC (2021), Tunisia set an unconditional carbon intensity reduction target of 27% in 2030 compared to 2010 levels and a conditional reduction target up to 45% with international support. The total budget for reaching the mitigation targets is estimated at around US$14.4bn.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data