Tunisia Energy Information

Tunisia Energy Research

- Tunisia's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Tunisia aims for 35% renewable energy in its power mix by 2030, with plans to establish an energy regulator. The country has introduced policies to encourage private investment in renewables and improve energy efficiency, though progress has been slower than targeted. Tunisia also targets green hydrogen production and aims for carbon neutrality by 2050.

- Tunisia's Energy Companies: STEG dominates Tunisia's electricity and gas sectors, while ETAP leads in oil and gas. STEG manages generation, transmission, and distribution, with a vast network and significant production. ETAP oversees upstream oil activities, with foreign partners in exploration and production. Downstream, state-owned STIR operates the sole refinery, with various companies managing distribution. Gas supply is primarily handled by ETAP, with STEG controlling transmission and distribution.

- Tunisia's Energy Supply & Demand: Tunisia heavily relies on gas imports from Algeria, with gas dominating its energy mix. Per capita consumption is low but stable, with gas and oil as primary sources. Renewable energy capacity is growing, yet power generation remains gas-dependent. Oil production is declining, and the country imports refined products. Gas production has halved since 2010, increasing reliance on imports. GHG emissions are decreasing, but energy-related CO₂ emissions persist.

- Tunisia's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Final energy consumption rose 2% annually from 2011 to 2022, stabilising at 8.3 Mtoe in 2024. Oil dominates (54%), followed by electricity (19%), gas (16%), and biomass (11%). Households and services account for 44% of demand, transport 29%, and industry 24%. Electricity prices align with gas prices due to its dominant share in the power mix. The government is gradually reducing energy subsidies to cut the budget deficit.

- Tunisia's Issues & Prospects: Tunisia plans to develop over 2 GW of renewables by 2025 and aims to export 6 Mt of green hydrogen to Europe by 2050. The country is advancing solar, wind, and green hydrogen projects, including collaborations with international firms like ACWA Power and HDF Energy. Transmission infrastructure is also being upgraded to support these initiatives.

Tunisia Total Energy Production & Consumption

The country's per capita consumption is 0.9 toe in 2025, which is 3 times lower than the EU average and 10% lower than the average for North Africa.

Since 2021, primary energy has declined by 2%/year to 11 Mtoe in 2025.

Gas accounts for half of Tunisia's primary mix, followed by oil (42%), biomass (4%) and primary electricity (4%).

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Graph: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2025)

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Oil Production & Consumption

After a rebound in 2021 (+23%) due to the commissioning of the Halk el Manzel field, oil production decreased rapidly to 1.4 Mt in 2025 (-12%/year). Since 2007, production has decreased by 6%/year on average. Exceptionally, it increased significantly in 2007 (+38%) through the exploitation of several small wells in southern Tunisia, mainly the offshore field of Oudna (80 km from the coastline in the Gulf of Hammamet, with a production of around 15 kb/d).

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Tunisia Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Gas production has halved since 2010 (-11% in 2025), reaching 1.6 bcm. Gas production increased by 15% in 2021 due to the start of production at the Nawara field. Between 2010 and 2019, production decreased by 5%/year, from a peak of almost 3.8 bcm in 2010 to 2.3 bcm in 2019.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Tunisia doesn't produce coal and coal consumption has almost completely disappeared. Coal was mainly used in the cement industry, where it was replaced by petroleum coke.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia Renewable in % Electricity Production

Tunisia' Energy sector strategy plans a significant rollout of renewable energy, aiming to reach 50% of the electricity mix (with 5,960 MW installed by 2030 and 10,200 MW by 2035).

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Tunisia GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its recent draft NDC 3.0 Tunisia set a target to reduce carbon intensity by 62% by 2035 compared with 2010 levels. This is split into: 31% unconditional reduction (domestic efforts) and 31% conditional reduction (dependent on international support and financing).

Intermediate 2030 target: 46.2% reduction in carbon intensity versus 2010, exceeding the 45% target of the previous NDC.

Source: Tunisia energy report

Interactive Chart Tunisia CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data