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Tunisia Key Figures

Population:
12.4 million
GDP growth rate:
2.52 %/year
Energy independence:
45.0%

Data of the last year available: 2022

Total consumption/GDP:*
97.9 (2005=100)
CO2 Emissions:
2.16 tCO2/capita
Rate of T&D power losses:
19.9%

* at purchasing power parity

View all macro and energy indicators in the Tunisia energy report

Tunisia Energy Research

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Tunisia Total Energy Consumption

The country's per capita consumption is 0.9 toe in 2022, which is 3 times lower than the EU average but average for the region. Its per capita electricity consumption is around 1 550 kWh (2022), also close to the average for North African countries (1 460 kWh).

Total energy consumption stayed stable in 2022 at 11.6 Mtoe (close to its 2017-2019 average), after a 5% drop in 2020 (consequence of the Covid pandemic) and an 8% rebound in 2021. Growth in total consumption has slowed down since 2010, to 1.1%/year over 2010-2019 compared to 3.5%/year between 2000 and 2010.

Interactive Chart Tunisia Total Energy Consumption

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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Tunisia energy report

Tunisia Crude Oil Production

After a rapid increase in 2021 (+23%) due to the commissioning of the Halk el Manzel field, oil production decreased by 14% in 2022 to 1.8 Mt and by 5% in 2023 (preliminary estimates). Since 2007, production has decreased by 6%/year on average. Exceptionally, it increased significantly in 2007 (+39%) through the exploitation of several small wells in southern Tunisia, mainly the offshore field of Oudna (80 km from the coastline in the Gulf of Hammamet, with a production of around 15 kb/d).

Interactive Chart Tunisia Crude Oil Production

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Tunisia Oil Products Consumption

Oil product consumption has been declining slightly since 2015 (by 0.5%/year), with a 1.7% drop in 2022 to 4.5 Mt. According to preliminary estimates, it dipped again by 3% in 2023. Previously, it had decreased by 3.6%/year between 2007 and 2011, before rising by 7%/year until 2015.

Transport accounts for 52% of this consumption, followed by the residential and services sector (22%) and industry (20%) (2022).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Tunisia Refined Oil Products Production

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Tunisia Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption decreased by 2% in 2022 to 6.5 bcm, as reduced gas supplies from Algeria limited the demand from the power sector (-8%). According to preliminary estimates, supply limitations contributed to reduce gas consumption again in 2023 (-3%, including -2% for power generation and -6% for final consumption).

Previously, gas consumption doubled between 2000 and 2010 and slowed down between 2010 and 2021 (+0.9%/year) to 6.6 bcm.

Interactive Chart Tunisia Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

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Tunisia Coal Consumption

Coal consumption has almost completely disappeared. Coal was mainly used in the cement industry, where it was replaced by petroleum coke.

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022, %)

Interactive Chart Tunisia Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

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View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Tunisia energy report

Tunisia Power Consumption

Electricity consumption has been rising rapidly since 2020: by 7.8% in 2021 and 6% in 2022 to 19 TWh, after a 6% drop in 2020. It has increased nearly fourfold since 1990.

The residential sector accounts for 33% of consumption, followed by industry (31%) and services (26%) (2022).

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022,%)

Tunisia Renewable in % Electricity Production

In the framework of the Solar Plan, the Parliament adopted a law on renewables in 2015 aimed at covering 12% of its power mix with renewables by 2020 and 35% by 2030 (corresponding to a capacity of 3.8 GW, around 500 MW/year over a period of 8 years and an investment of US$7.1bn between 2016 and 2030, equal to US$294m/year). However, the development of the programme is far behind the initial schedule; with less than 4% of renewables in the power mix in 2020, the 2020 target has not been reached.

Interactive Chart Tunisia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

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Tunisia CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions

In its updated NDC (2021), Tunisia set an unconditional carbon intensity reduction target of 27% in 2030 compared to 2010 levels and a conditional reduction target up to 45% with international support (from 23.4 MtCO2 to 12.9 MtCO2). The total budget for reaching the mitigation targets is estimated at around US$14.4bn.