Canada Key Figures
- Population:
- 40.0 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 1.07 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 100%
Data of the last year available: 2023
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 81.5 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 13.5 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 5.33%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Canada energy report
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Canada Energy Research
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Canada Total Energy Consumption
At 7.4 toe, Canada's per capita energy consumption is among the highest in the world and almost triple the average EU level (2023). Electricity consumption per capita is around 13.9 MWh.
Total energy consumption decreased slightly in 2023 (-0.9%) to 297 Mtoe, following a slight progression from 2010 to 2022 (1.1%/year on average at normal climate).
Fossils (coal, oil, and gas) represent three quarters of total energy consumption (gas 40%, oil 34%, coal 2% in 2023), followed by primary electricity (19%) and biomass (5%). Therefore, carbon-free sources total 24%.
Interactive Chart Canada Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Canada energy report
Canada Crude Oil Production
Oil production (crude, NGL, and non-conventional oil) increased by 73% since 2010 (of which +2.5% in 2022 and +1.4% in 2023), reaching 289 Mt in 2023. It has more than doubled since 2000. The increase in production follows the development of non-conventional oil, which accounted for about 60% of the country's oil production in 2023.
Until now, the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin produced most of the conventional crude oil. In particular, Alberta produced 84% of total Canadian crude oil in 2023. Most of the production of bituminous oil sand also comes from Alberta.
Interactive Chart Canada Crude Oil Production
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Canada Oil Products Consumption
The consumption of oil products remained roughly stable (-0.6%) in 2023, at 103 Mt. It followed a 6% increase in 2022, after a 3% progression in 2021 and a 12% drop in 2020.
The transport sector is the biggest consumer of oil products (50% in 2023), followed by industry with 42% (including non-energy uses and the hydrocarbon industry).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Interactive Chart Canada Refined Oil Products Production
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Canada Natural Gas Consumption
The consumption of natural gas decreased by 2% in 2023, reaching 145 bcm. It grew by almost 4%/year between 2020 and 2022, after a 4.5% drop in 2020 following an increasing trend, with particularly significant growth between 2015 and 2018 (+11%/year).
The oil and gas sector, in particular the exploitation of oil sands, is the largest consumer of natural gas, with 43%. It is followed by buildings (23%) and industry and power plants (17% each).
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (2023, bcm)
Interactive Chart Canada Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Canada Coal Consumption
Coal and lignite consumption has been decreasing regularly and rapidly since 2008 to 17.3 Mt in 2023 (-7%/year on average).
The power sector represents 72% of consumption and the remaining 28% is dedicated to industrial purposes.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Interactive Chart Canada Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
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Canada Power Consumption
Electricity consumption remained stable in 2023 (558 TWh). Except for a 2.2% drop in 2020, it grew between 2020 and 2022 at a rate close to its historical trend (1%/year between 2015 and 2019).
Industry is the largest electricity consumer (34%), closely followed by the residential (32%) and services sectors (27%).
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Canada Renewable in % Electricity Production
In its Towards Canada's 2030 Agenda National Strategy (2021), the country pledged to generate 90% of its electricity from renewables and non-emitting sources by 2030.
Interactive Chart Canada Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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Canada CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
Canada's updated NDC (2021) set a goal of reducing GHG emissions by 40-45% below 2005 levels by 2030. The country is also committed to achieving net-zero GHG emissions by 2050.
GHG emissions increased by 1.3% in 2022 to 708 MtCO2eq, a 7.1% reduction compared to 2005. They increased by 1.7% in 2021, after dropping by almost 9% in 2020. They remained relatively stable before between 2013 and 2019 (around 740 MtCO2eq excluding LULUCF).