Canada energy report

• The federal government set several reduction targets for GHG emissions: between 40 and 45% by 2030 for total emissions, a net-zero electricity grid by 2035, and zero emissions in 2050.
• Most power production comes from state-owned companies.
• Gas production is dominated by 3 companies (Encana, CNR, and Repsol), while Enbridge is the largest distributor of gas.
• Non-conventional oil provides around 60% of total oil production.
• Canada is the fifth largest natural gas producer in the world.
• CO₂ free energy sources add up to 81% of the power mix, with a dominant share of hydro (60% in 2021).
• Motor fuel prices increased in 2021. Energy prices are much lower than in Europe, but generally higher than in the US.
• Total energy consumption rebounded in 2021 (+2.5%). Three quarters of energy consumption comes from fossil fuels.
• Demand for coal will decrease drastically by 2030 with the coal power phase out. Wind and solar will represent 23% of the power generation in 2050.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is the ministry in charge of the development of federal energy policy.

• Energy Supply

  Oil:

  Oil production (crude, NGL, and non-conventional oil) increased by 55% between 2010 and 2019 (4.6%/year) and has more than doubled since 2000. It dropped by 4.5% in 2020 to 255 Mt, due the reduction in oil demand caused by the pandemic, but increased again in 2021 to 270 Mt (+6%).

• Energy Prices

  Electricity:

  Electricity prices in Canada are about twice as low as in most large European countries: US$10.9c/kWh for the residential sector and US$9c/kWh for industry (2020). Compared to the USA, electricity prices are lower for households (US$13c/kWh for the USA) but higher for industry (US$7c/kWh for the USA).

• Energy Consumption

  At 7.5 toe, Canada's per capita energy consumption is among the highest in the world and almost triple the average EU level. Electricity consumption per capita is around 14.6 MWh.

  Total energy consumption increased slightly between 2010 and 2019 (1.3%/year on average at normal climate). It dropped by 6% in 2020 with the Covid-19 pandemic and rebounded by 2.5% in 2021 to 289 Mtoe.

• Issues & Prospects

  CER released the update of its long-term energy outlook for 2050, Canada's Energy Future Report 2021 (EF2021). CER sees Canadians reducing their overall energy consumption by 21% over the next 30 years (-1.2%/year). Specifically, the projection sees unabated fossil fuel use (i.e without carbon capture and sequestration) decline by 19% by 2030, 45% by 2040, and 62% by 2050.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the Canada energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1 : CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂) 12
• GRAPH 2 : Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %) 20
• GRAPH 3 : Gross power production by source (TWh) 21
• GRAPH 4 : Power generation by source (2021, %) 21
• GRAPH 5 : Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l) 24
• GRAPH 6 : Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh) 25
• GRAPH 7 : Gas prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh GCV) 26
• GRAPH 8 : Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe) 27
• GRAPH 9 : Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %) 28
• GRAPH 10 : Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %) 28
• GRAPH 11 : Oil consumption (Mt) 29
• GRAPH 12 : Petroleum products consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %) 29
• GRAPH 13 : Electricity consumption (TWh) 30
• GRAPH 14 : Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %) 30
• GRAPH 15 : Natural gas consumption (bcm) 31
• GRAPH 16 : Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %) 31
• GRAPH 17 : Coal consumption (Mt) 32
• GRAPH 18 : Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %) 32

In the Canada energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Canada country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.