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Canada energy report

Canada energy report
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Format
4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
Pages
72 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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1 490 €

Overview

Canada’s energy and climate policy framework centres on ambitious emissions reduction targets, including a 45–50% cut by 2035 and net-zero by 2050, supported by federal and provincial measures. Key sectors like electricity, oil, and gas face regulatory shifts, with coal phase-outs, renewable expansion, and carbon pricing driving decarbonisation. Provincial tensions persist over resource exploitation, while investments in hydrogen, CCUS, and nuclear innovation aim to balance economic growth with sustainability.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • The federal government targets a reduction in GHG emissions by 45-50% in 2035 compared to 2005.
  • It also pledges to have zero emissions in 2050.
  • Most power production comes from state-owned companies.
  • CNR, Cenovus, and Suncor produce around 40% of the total oil output.
  • Main gas producers include CNR, Oventiv, and Repsol, while Enbridge is the largest gas distributor.
  • Non-conventional oil provides more than 60% of total oil production.
  • CO2-free sources add up to 78% of the power mix, with a dominant share of hydro (56%).
  • Final energy consumption has remained stable since 2022, after a slight progression over 2010-2019.
  • Electricity prices decreased in 2024, after growing since 2016 for industry and 2020 for households.
  • The share of electricity in final consumption is expected to more than double by 2050 to 39%.
  • Fossil fuel use should decline by 56% by 2050.
3rd
worldwide for hydropower and uranium production and oil reserves
-45%
GHG emissions in 2035, compared to 2005
90%
CO2 free electricity in the mix in 2030

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    NRCan, Natural Resources Canada, is the ministry in charge of the management of natural resources and the development of federal energy policy.

  • Energy Companies

    Gas:

    CNR produced 21.5 bcm (59 mcm/d) in 2024 (almost 10% of the total gas supply of the country), in both the Montney and Deep Basins.

    Ovintiv (previously Encana) produced 17.5 bcm (48 mcm/d) in 2024. It operates mainly in the Montney basin in Alberta and British Columbia.

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Oil:

    Oil production (crude, NGL, and non-conventional oil) increased by 4.4%/year since 2010, reaching 303 Mt in 2024 (+82%). It has more than doubled since 2000. This progression follows the development of non-conventional oil, which accounted for 62% of total oil production in 2024.

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Industry:

    Since 1991, all prices have been subject to a federal tax of 5% (GST: Goods and Services Tax), as well as provincial taxes ranging from 0-10% (PST: Provincial Sales Tax). In five provinces (New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Prince Edward Island), both taxes are combined into the Harmonised Sales Tax (HST), which is equivalent to VAT.

  • Issues & Prospects

    In 2023, CER has released the update of its long-term energy outlook for 2050, Canada's Energy Future Report 2023 (EF2023). In the Canada Net-zero Scenario that is presented in the report, CER sees Canadians reducing their overall energy consumption by 12% from 2021 to 2050.

  • Graph 1: Final Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 2: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 3: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024)
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
  • Graph 5: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024)
  • Graph 6: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
  • Graph 7: Power Generation by Source (2024)
  • Graph 8: CO2 Intensity of Electricity Generation
  • Graph 9: Crude Oil Production & Consumption
  • Graph 10: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
  • Graph 11: Gas Production & Consumption
  • Graph 12: Coal Production & Consumption
  • Graph 13: GHG Emissions and CO2-energy Emissions
  • Graph 14: CO2-Emissions per Capita
  • Graph 15: CO2 Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 16: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 17: Final Consumption by Sector
  • Graph 18: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024)
  • Graph 19: Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption
  • Graph 20: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
  • Graph 21: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 22: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
  • Graph 23: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 24: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
  • Graph 25: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 26: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The Canada energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Canada country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Canada Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Canada energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Canada country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.