Spain Energy Information
Spain Key Figures
GDP growth rate: 5.70 %/year
Energy independence: 30.4%
Data of the last year available: 2021
CO2 Emissions: 4.50 tCO2/capita
Rate of T&D power losses: 10.1%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Spain energy report
Spain Related News
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Spain Related Research
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
A data overview is available in the global energy statistics app
Total Energy Consumption
In 2021, total consumption per capita was 2.4 toe (19% lower than the EU average), including 4 900 kWh of electricity (11% below the EU average).
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption, which had declined by 1.6%/year between 2017 and 2019, decreased by 10% in 2020 before recovering by 5% in 2021 to 114 Mtoe. The 2008 crisis slashed energy consumption (-3.3%/year until 2014), which recovered rapidly between 2014 and 2017 (+3.3%/year).
Interactive Chart Spain Total Energy Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Spain energy report
Crude Oil Production
Oil production is very low (10 kt in 2020). Crude oil imports increased by 2.7%/year from 2010 to 2018 and fell by 15% in 2020, before increasing again by 4% in 2021 to 61 Mt. The main suppliers of crude in 2020 were Nigeria (18%), Mexico (14%), and Kazakhstan (7%).
Spain has 9 oil refineries with a total capacity of about 1.6 mb/d. Refined oil product production increased by 2.7%/year between 2011 and 2018, but declined by 9%/year in 2019 and 2020, before increasing by 4% in 2021 to 58 Mt.
Interactive Chart Spain Crude Oil Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Oil Products Consumption
Oil product consumption rose by 7.5% to 47 Mt in 2021, after a sharp 16% drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, it had been recovering since 2014 (+1.8%/year) after a rapid reduction over 2017-2014.
Of total oil consumption, 57% is absorbed by the transport sector, with power plants accounting for just 4% of oil demand.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)
Interactive Chart Spain Refined Oil Products Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Natural Gas Consumption
The country's gas consumption increased by 6% to 34 bcm in 2021 after a 10% drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak. It had been rising rapidly between 2014 and 2019 (+5.3%/year, of which +14% in 2019), as gas consumption in the power sector skyrocketed (+94%, including +52% in 2019), replacing coal-fired generation. Gas consumption fell rapidly between 2008 and 2014 (-6.3%/year) after an 11%/year surge between 2000 and 2008 with the rapid development of CCGT capacities.
Interactive Chart Spain Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset
Coal Consumption
Coal consumption dropped by 76% between 2018 and 2020, from 21 Mt to 4.9 Mt, before seeing a slight increase in 2021 (+2% to 5.1 Mt).
Around half of the coal and lignite is used for power generation (49% in 2021), followed by industry (40%).
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)
Interactive Chart Spain Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Spain energy report
Power Consumption
The country's electricity consumption increased by 3% to 233 TWh in 2021 after dropping by 6% in 2020 and 1.6% in 2019, mainly due to lower demand from the industrial sector. Electricity consumption, which had surged between 2000 and 2008 (+3.7%/year), dipped until 2014 (-1.8%/year) and recovered slightly until 2018 (+1.3%/year).
The share of electricity in final energy consumption regularly increased from 18% in 1990 to 22.5% in 2010, and 23% in 2021.
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Renewable in % Electricity Production
The target set in the National Action Plan for Renewable Energies (PANER, 2010) for a share of renewables in final energy consumption of 22.7% in 2020 was missed by 1.5 points (21.2% achieved). Under the NECP 2021-2030, renewables should cover 42% of final energy consumption in 2030. They should contribute 74% of power generation by 2030 and 100% in 2050. To reach this target, the government aims to install 22 GW of wind, 30 GW of solar PV, 5 GW of CSP, 3.5 GW of pumped-storage, and 800 MW of biomass between 2020 and 2030.
Interactive Chart Spain Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Learn more about renewables in the European Renewable Energy Report
CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
GHG emissions (total net emissions with international aviation) declined by 26% between 2017 and 2020 to 246 MtCO2eq (5% of which - in 2019 and -17% in 2020), as a result of higher renewable power generation, lower coal use, and, in 2020, transport restrictions. After a 28% fall due to the economic downturn between 2007 and 2013, GHG emissions rose by 1.2%/year between 2013 and 2017.
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