Saudi Arabia Energy Information

Saudi Arabia Energy Research

- Saudi Arabia's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Saudi Arabia is diversifying its economy and energy mix, targeting 50% renewables by 2030. Oil revenues have declined, prompting reforms like privatisation and PPPs. The government oversees energy policies, with ECRA regulating electricity and REPDO driving renewable projects. Nuclear and efficiency measures are also being developed to support climate goals.

- Saudi Arabia's Energy Companies: Saudi Aramco dominates oil and gas, while SEC leads electricity. Aramco invests in renewables and aims for net-zero emissions by 2050. SEC oversees generation, transmission, and distribution.

- Saudi Arabia's Energy Supply & Demand: Saudi Arabia's energy supply relies heavily on oil (66%) and gas (34%), with declining oil production and growing but non-exported gas. High per capita consumption and emissions persist, though renewable capacity is expanding.

- Saudi Arabia's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Since 2021, final energy consumption has risen by 3.5% annually, with significant demand in petrochemicals, buildings, transport, and industry. Diesel prices remain low despite subsidy cuts. Electricity's share is growing but still below global averages.

- Saudi Arabia's Issues & Prospects: Saudi Arabia is expanding its energy sector with significant investments in gas, solar, wind, and nuclear power, aiming for 40 GW of solar and 16 GW of wind by 2030. Key projects include gas power plants, solar farms, and a 2.8 GW nuclear facility. Additionally, the country is developing green hydrogen and CO₂ capture initiatives to support its energy transition.

Saudi Arabia Total Energy Production & Consumption

Total energy consumption decreased by 1% in 2024 to 264 Mtoe, after a strong increase by around 4%/year since 2021; it fluctuated around 240 Mtoe from 2015 to 2021. It had increased rapidly before 2015 (4.5%/year), driven by sustained economic growth combined with low energy prices. Consumption per capita is very high, 7.4 toe in 2024.

Oil covers 66% of the country's energy needs and gas 34% (2024). The energy mix remains similar since 2000.

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Source: Saudi Arabia energy report

Interactive Chart Saudi Arabia Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Saudi Arabia Oil Production & Consumption

Total oil production decreased by 8%/year since 2022 to 494 Mt in 2024, of which 88% is crude oil; this represents 14% of the global production. It increased by 10% in 2022 to a near-record level of 582 Mt. Over the first half of 2025 production has remained stable. Oil production had previously increased by 20% between 2010 and 2019 (and by 26% since 2000) and decreased by 7% until 2021. In 2024, Saudi Arabia was the third largest producer, behind the US and Russia.

Source: Saudi Arabia energy report

Interactive Chart Saudi Arabia Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Saudi Arabia Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Saudi Arabia Natural Gas Production & Consumption

The marketed gas production has been growing slowly since 2018 (2%/year), reaching 138 bcm in 2024. It grew rapidly between 2000 and 2018 (over 5%/year). The production is exclusively consumed domestically. The production of non-associated gas represents over 50% of natural gas production (up from 17% in 2015).

Around two third of the gas is used for power generation and the rest is used in industry (including non-energy uses).

Graph: Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Saudi Arabia energy report

Interactive Chart Saudi Arabia Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Saudi Arabia Renewable in % Electricity Production

A Supreme Committee for Energy Mix Affairs, for Electricity Production and Enabling Renewable Energy was established in 2020 to oversee renewable energy projects.

REPDO, the Renewable Energy Projects Development Office under the Ministry of Energy, oversees the National Renewable Energy Program and regularly calls for bids.

The Saudi Green initiative launched in 2021 set a target of 50% renewables in the power mix in 2030.

Source: Saudi Arabia energy report

Interactive Chart Saudi Arabia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Saudi Arabia GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its updated NDC (2021), Saudi Arabia set the objective of reducing GHG emissions by 278 MtCO2eq by 2030 compared to 2019 levels (646 MtCO2eq). The NDC also pledged to reach net-zero emissions by 2060.

In addition to the target of 50% renewables in the power mix by 2030, Saudi Arabia wants to develop green hydrogen production, carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS), and to reduce global methane emissions by 30% in 2030, compared to 2020 levels.

Source: Saudi Arabia energy report

Interactive Chart Saudi Arabia CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data