Portugal Key Figures
- Population:
- 10.4 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 2.28 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 34.8%
Data of the last year available: 2023
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 61.2 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 3.17 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 9.14%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Portugal energy report
Portugal Energy News
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Portugal Energy Research
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Portugal Total Energy Consumption
Consumption per capita is 28% lower than the EU average at 1.8 toe, 4 840 kWh of which is electricity (10% below the EU average) (2023).
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption decreased by 6.5% in 2023 to 19 Mtoe, after remaining around 20 Mtoe since 2020. It increased slightly between 2012 and 2017 (+1.2%/year).
Interactive Chart Portugal Total Energy Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Portugal energy report
Portugal Crude Oil Production
Portugal does not produce oil and imported 10.8 Mt of crude oil in 2023 (-17% compared to 2022). In 2023, the main crude oil suppliers were Brazil (43%), Algeria (15%), and Nigeria (13%).
Portugal has a refining capacity of 226 kb/d at the Sines refinery in Porto; in 2023, the refinery reduced its production due to maintenance works. The Matosinhos refinery (110 kb/d, also in Porto) was shut in down in 2020. The country produced 10.7 Mt of oil products in 2023 (-9%). It is a net exporter of oil products (3.6 Mt imported vs 4.5 Mt exported in 2023).
Interactive Chart Portugal Crude Oil Production
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Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Portugal Oil Products Consumption
Oil product consumption decreased (after a brief peak of 8.6 Mt in 2022) by 11% in 2023 to 7.6 Mt, after fluctuating since 2017. Before that, it had remained roughly stable at around 9 Mt between 2013 and 2017.
The transport sector is the largest oil consumer (72% in 2023), followed by buildings and agriculture (10%), industry (4%, including non-energy uses), and the hydrocarbon industry (4%).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Portugal Refined Oil Products Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Portugal Natural Gas Consumption
Gas consumption has decreased by 26% since 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, high prices in 2021 and 2022), reaching 4.5 bcm in 2023. It increased rapidly between 2014 and 2019 due to an increase in demand from power plants, partly because of lower hydropower availability.
The share of gas used for power generation has been fluctuating between 62% and 45% since 2010, depending on hydropower availability (49% in 2023). Industry accounted for 33% of total gas consumption in 2023 and buildings for 13%.
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
Interactive Chart Portugal Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset
Portugal Coal Consumption
Coal consumption stopped in 2022. It had dropped drastically from a level of 5 Mt in 2017. Previously, coal was almost entirely used for power generation.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Portugal Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Portugal energy report
Portugal Power Consumption
Electricity consumption has been increasing slightly since 2014, reaching 50.3 TWh in 2023 (1%/year).
Industry is the largest electricity consumer, with 34% in 2023, followed by services (33%) and households (28%).
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Portugal Renewable in % Electricity Production
ADENE is also the national agency responsible for renewables.
Portugal's updated NECP set the target of reaching a 51% share of renewables in final energy consumption in 2030 and 80% of renewables in power generation by 2026. In 2022, the share of renewables reached 34.7% (61% for power, 45.6% for heating and cooling, and 8.7% for transport). The target for 2020 was exceeded by 3 points, with an actual share of 34%.
The NECP aims to increase the solar and wind capacity to 20.8 GW and 12.6 GW, respectively (including 2 GW of offshore wind).
Interactive Chart Portugal Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
Portugal CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
Total net GHG emissions decreased by 17% between 2018 and 2021 and remained stable in 2022 (50.5 MtCO2eq); they peaked at 92.5 MtCO2eq in 2017 due to large forest fires. Before that, emissions had decreased steadily by 4.6%/year from 2005 to 2014.
The draft update of the NECP (July 2024) aims to reduce GHG emissions (without LULUCF) by 55% in 2030 compared to 2005 levels (from 45-55% in the previous NECP). It also brings forward the carbon neutrality target from 2050 (Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality 2050, RCN 2050) to 2045.