Portugal Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

Consumption per capita is 31% lower than the EU average at 2.1 toe, 4 700 kWh of which is electricity (15% below the EU average) (2019).

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Total energy consumption has been decreasing by 2.2%/year since 2017 (21.8 Mtoe). Previously, it declined by 3%/year between 2005 and 2012 with the economic recession and increased slightly between 2012 and 2017 (+0.5%/year).

Interactive Chart Portugal Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Portugal does not produce oil and, in 2019, imported 12.8 Mt of oil (mostly as crude oil). In 2019, the main crude oil suppliers were Angola (22%), Russia (11%), and Saudi Arabia (11%).

The country has a refining capacity of 304 kb/d (15.2 Mt/year) distributed in two refineries located in Porto ("Matosinhos" with a capacity of about 110 000 bbl/d) and Sines (about 220 000 bbl/d). Portugal is a net exporter of oil products (4.6 Mt exported vs. 3.5 Mt imported in 2019).

Interactive Chart Portugal Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Oil product consumption remained roughly stable at around 9 Mt between 2013 and 2017. It decreased by 6% in 2018 and increased by 8% in 2019 to 9.5 Mt. It decreased rapidly between 2005 and 2012 (-6.9%/year).

The transport sector is the largest oil consumer (60% in 2019), followed by industry (19%, including non-energy uses), buildings and agriculture (10%), and the power sector (3%).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019, %)

Interactive Chart Portugal Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption increased rapidly in 2014 due to lower hydropower availability. In 2018, it decreased by 7% and subsequently increased in 2019 to 6 bcm.

The share of gas used for power generation has been increasing since 2014 (61% in 2019). Industry accounts for 24% of total gas consumption and buildings for 10%.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019, %)

Interactive Chart Portugal Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Almost the totality of the coal consumption is used for power generation; consumption levels depend on hydropower generation and price spreads with gas. Coal consumption has decreased by around 60% since 2017.

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019, %)

Interactive Chart Portugal Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption increased slightly from 2014 to 2018 and decreased by 2% in 2019 to 48 TWh. It decreased by 1%/year between 2008 and 2014.

In 2019, industry and services remained the largest electricity consumers with a 35% and 34% share, respectively. Households held a 27% share in power consumption.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2019,%)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

ADENE is also the national agency responsible for renewables.

The National Energy Strategy 2020 (NES 2020) plans to increase the share of renewables to 60% of power production and to 31% of final energy consumption in 2020 (renewables already accounted for 62% of power production in 2019). By 2020, the country's solar capacity is expected to reach 1.5 GW, tidal energy 150 MW, wind capacity nearly 7 GW and cogeneration from gas 1.8 GW. The NECP aims to raise the share of renewables in final energy consumption to 44% in 2030.

Interactive Chart Portugal Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions grew by 12% between 2013 and 2017 and dropped by 4% in 2018 to 72 MtCO₂eq; they decreased steadily by 3.4%/year from 2005 to 2013 (from 88 MtCO₂eq).

The NECP aims to reduce emissions (without LULUCF) by 45-55% in 2030 compared to 2005 levels. Under the Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality 2050 (Roteiro para a Neutralidade Carbónica, RCN 2050), Portugal committed to carbon neutrality by 2050.