Luxembourg Energy Information

Luxembourg Energy Research

- Luxembourg's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Luxembourg aims to achieve 37% renewable energy by 2030 and reduce GHG emissions by 55%. The government oversees energy and climate policies, promoting market liberalisation, energy efficiency, and low-carbon options. Support mechanisms include feed-in tariffs and auctions for renewables, while smart meters and a CO₂ tax aid climate mitigation efforts.

- Luxembourg's Energy Companies: Encevo dominates Luxembourg's energy sector, operating key firms like Enovos, LEO, and Creos. SEO manages major power plants, while Soler leads renewable projects. Creos oversees transmission and distribution, with Enovos leading supply markets. Gas is solely imported by Enovos, with Creos handling transmission and three firms managing distribution.

- Luxembourg's Energy Supply & Demand: Luxembourg heavily relies on energy imports, with 97% of electricity imported and 80% of production from renewables. Primary energy consumption has declined since 2019, driven by reduced steel production and tourism. The country's per capita consumption remains high, at twice the EU average. Electricity generation has increased, with renewables accounting for 98% in 2024.

- Luxembourg's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Since 2019, final energy consumption has declined by 5% annually, with transport accounting for half of demand. Industrial electricity prices surged 67% in 2023, while fuel prices rose 8% yearly since 2020.

- Luxembourg's Issues & Prospects: Luxembourg is enhancing electricity interconnections with neighbouring countries and advancing wind energy projects, while participating in regional offshore wind initiatives.

Luxembourg Total Energy Production & Consumption

Primary energy consumption has been decreasing rapidly since 2019 (-4%/year) with an important decrease in 2022 (-12%). It fluctuated around 4 Mtoe from 2010 to 2019. The country's consumption per capita was 4.6 toe in 2024, which is around twice the EU average. Part of this high consumption is linked to steel production and to fuel tourism for motor fuels.

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Source: Luxembourg energy report

Interactive Chart Luxembourg Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Luxembourg Oil Production & Consumption

Oil products are mainly imported from Belgium and amounted to around 2.3 Mt since 2024.

Oil product consumption decreased by 6% to 1.5 Mt in 2024 after a 13% drop in 2023 and a rebound by 7% in 2021. It increased by 2.5%/year between 2016 and 2019 to 2.3 Mt.

Graph: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption

Source: Luxembourg energy report

Interactive Chart Luxembourg Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Luxembourg Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Luxembourg Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Luxembourg imports gas from Belgium and Germany through 4 interconnection points (around 0.6 bcm since 2022). In 20234100% of gas was imported from Belgium.. From 2012 to 2022, gas import and consumption decreased by 7%/year, mainly because of the low utilisation of the CCGT power plant and its definitive closure in 2016. In 2024, households and services consumed 60% of the gas, followed by industry (36%) and power plants (3%, vs. 42% in 2012).

Source: Luxembourg energy report

Interactive Chart Luxembourg Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Luxembourg Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Coal, which was used in the iron and steel industry, completely disappeared from the country's energy mix (1%).

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Luxembourg energy report

Interactive Chart Luxembourg Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Luxembourg Renewable in % Electricity Production

Luxembourg aims to increase the share of renewables in final energy consumption to 37% in 2030, including 40.3% for heating, 39.1% for electricity, and 27% for transport. In 2023, this share reached 18.0% (15.5% for heating, 18.0% for electricity, and 9.2% for transport).

To achieve its 2030 target, Luxembourg intends to use cooperation mechanisms already in place with the others EU countries to statistically buy a part of their renewable energy production. Since 2018, tenders have been implemented for solar projects.

Source: Luxembourg energy report

Interactive Chart Luxembourg Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Luxembourg GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

Luxembourg aims to reduce its GHG emissions by 55% in 2030 compared to 2005.

Source: Luxembourg energy report

Interactive Chart Luxembourg CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data