Lithuania Energy Information

Lithuania Energy Research

- Lithuania's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Lithuania aims for 55% renewable energy by 2030 and 95% by 2050, with a focus on wind and solar power. The country has liberalised its energy markets and synchronised its electricity grid with Continental Europe. It supports renewables through subsidies and aims to phase out fossil fuels entirely by 2050.

- Lithuania's Energy Companies: Ignitis Group dominates Lithuania's energy sector, managing power, gas, and distribution networks. State-owned EPSO-G holds stakes in key transmission operators Litgrid and Amber Grid. Oil operations are led by Orlen Lietuva, with significant refining and terminal capacities.

- Lithuania's Energy Supply & Demand: In 2024, Lithuania's energy consumption rose by 3% to 7.2 Mtoe, with oil dominating the mix. Electricity production surged by 35%, driven by wind power. The country relies heavily on imports for oil, gas, and electricity, with significant interconnections to neighbouring nations. Renewable energy sources, particularly wind, play a growing role in the energy landscape.

- Lithuania's Energy Use & Price by Sector: "Energy prices surged post-2020, with household gas costs rising fivefold by 2023. Final energy demand increased by 6% in 2024, with oil, gas, and electricity being the primary sources. Transport and buildings each accounted for 36.5% of consumption, while industry saw a 5% annual decline. Electricity and gas prices fluctuated significantly, with household costs remaining above EU averages."

- Lithuania's Issues & Prospects: Lithuania is enhancing energy infrastructure, with plans to boost renewable capacity, invest in nuclear and hydropower, and expand gas and electricity interconnections by 2033.

Lithuania Total Energy Production & Consumption

Total primary energy consumption increased by 3% in 2024 to 7.2 Mtoe, after a stability in 2023 and a sharp 9% reduction in 2022. It increased steadily before, by 1.5% per year from 2013 to 2021, peaking at 7.8 Mtoe in 2021. In 2024, total energy consumption per capita is 2.5 toe (10% below the EU average).

The primary energy consumption mix is dominated by oil (42% in 2024), followed by biomass and waste (23%), natural gas (19%) and primary electricity (12%). Thes hares of oil and biomass are increasing (+ 6 and 9 pp since 2010), while the share of gas dropped by 17 points.

Source: Lithuania energy report

Interactive Chart Lithuania Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Lithuania Oil Production & Consumption

Apart from a marginal production of around 30 kt, Lithuania imports all its crude oil (9 Mt in 2023, mainly from Saudi Arabia (40%), followed by Norway (27%) and the United States (24%). It is refined at the Mazeikiai refinery which has a capacity of 15 Mt/year, and which operates at around 2/3 of its capacity. The country is a net exporter of oil products (6.9 Mt of exports for 0.9 Mt of imports in 2023).

Source: Lithuania energy report

Interactive Chart Lithuania Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Lithuania Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Lithuania Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Lithuania imports all its natural gas.

The transmission network is connected to Latvia (export and import capacity of 3.7 bcm/year in 2023), and, since May 2022, to Poland, through the GIPL gas pipe. The connected to Belarus is no longer used (capacity of 10 bcm/year).

In 2024, Amber Grid completed the Lithuania-Latvia Interconnector (ELLI) project at a total cost of €10m (€4.3m for Lithuania). The project increased the interconnection capacity by 40%.

Source: Lithuania energy report

Interactive Chart Lithuania Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Lithuania Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Coal and lignite production is negligible; it peaked in 2014 at 0.1 Mtoe but has since declined sharply, falling under 0.01 Mtoe in 2024. Coal consumption is marginal (0.2 Mtoe) and has been rapidly declining since 2012 by 9%/year.

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Lithuania energy report

Interactive Chart Lithuania Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Lithuania Renewable in % Electricity Production

The target of the National Renewable Energy and Climate Action Plan of a 23% share of renewables in final energy consumption has been exceeded since 2016. The target set for renewables in 2030 in the updated NECPis 55% of final consumption, and 95% in 2050. In 2023, the share of renewables was 32%, of which 54% for heating, 37% for power, and 7% for transport.

In 2021, the government announced the expected investment (€10 bn) to bring the share of green power to 50% by 2025 and 100% by 2050.

Source: Lithuania energy report

Interactive Chart Lithuania Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Lithuania GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

Lithuania aims to cap the increase in GHG emissions in sectors covered by the EU ETS to 15% compared to the 2005 level (15.5 MtCO2eq). Ahead of the COP 21, Lithuania's NDC includes a binding GHG emission reduction of 55% by 2030 compared to 1990.

Source: Lithuania energy report

Interactive Chart Lithuania CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data