Jordan Energy Information

Jordan Energy Research

- Jordan's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Jordan aims to cut GHG emissions by 31% by 2030, diversify energy sources, and reduce reliance on imported natural gas. The Energy and Minerals Regulatory Commission (EMRC) oversees the sector, promoting renewables and energy efficiency. The National Energy Strategy 2020-2030 targets 14% renewables in the energy mix and 50% in power capacity by 2030, supported by feed-in tariffs and solar water heater incentives. Energy efficiency measures, including smart meters, aim for 9% savings by 2030.

- Jordan's Energy Companies: "IPPs and SEPCO dominate Jordan's power sector, with SEPCO generating 29% of conventional electricity. ACWA Power, APCO, AES, and KEPCO are key players. NEPCO manages transmission, while JEPCO, IDECO, and EDCO handle distribution. NPC leads oil exploration, and JPRC operates the sole refinery."

- Jordan's Energy Supply & Demand: Jordan relies heavily on gas (59%) and renewables (25%) for electricity, with rapid energy demand growth. It has significant oil shale and solar resources, though conventional energy reserves are limited. Electricity generation has diversified, with oil shale and renewables playing larger roles. The country imports oil and gas, with electricity transmission links to neighbours. GHG emissions have declined since 2017.

- Jordan's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Since 2016, final energy consumption has stabilised at around 6 Mtoe, with oil dominating (62%). Electricity prices remained steady in 2024, while diesel prices dropped by 9%. The transport and residential sectors each account for 43% of consumption, with industry at 12%.

- Jordan's Issues & Prospects: Jordan's electricity demand is projected to grow by 6.5% annually until 2030, with significant investments in solar, wind, and SMRs, alongside cross-border energy projects.

Jordan Total Energy Production & Consumption

The country's total energy consumption has increased very rapidly since 2021, by 14%/year to around 10.3 Mtoe in 2023. Consumption per capita reached 0.9 toe/cap.

Oil is the country's main energy source, with 41% of total consumption, followed by natural gas with 28%, oil shales (22%) and renewables (6%).

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Graph: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2023)

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Oil Production & Consumption

Jordan imported 2 Mt of crude oil in 2023, an increase of 16%, following a 15% decreasein 2021. This increase follows a long-term increasing trend of crude oil and oil products between 2010-2015, which was related to a significant rise in the consumption of fuel oil for electricity generation.

The crude oil used in the country is imported mainly from Saudi Arabia (79% in 2022).

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Jordan Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Gas production, which began in 1989 (Risha fields), is limited (0.2 bcm in 2023). It is used for electricity generation. The country imported 3.6 bcm of natural gas in 2023 (-14%), mostly from Israel (83%) and the rest from Egypt.

A 15.5 km-long gas pipeline to export gas from the Leviathan field in Israel to Jordan was commissioned in 2019. It was laid near the southern end of the Dead Sea. Noble Energy and the Leviathan partners will supply 45 bcm of natural gas from the field over 15 years(3 bcm/year). Transit has been interrupted since the conflict in Israel.

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Jordan has the world's fifth largest oil shale deposit. The country began exploiting these resources in 2022 to supply part of its electricity production (production of 3.5 Mt in 2023.

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Renewable in % Electricity Production

The Renewable Energy Law (2012) aimed for 10% of the country's power capacity mix to come from renewables in 2020, corresponding to a capacity of 1 800 MW, mainly from wind (1 200 MW) and solar (600 MW). This target was reached, as around 2 GW were installed, and solar and wind accounted for 20% of the power capacity mix in 2020. The country has raised its target for the share of renewables in the power capacity mix from 31% to 50% by 2030.

In the National Energy Strategy, the share of renewables in the total energy mix should reach 14% in 2030.

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its updated NDC, Jordan strives to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 31% in 2030. A maximum of 5% of this reduction contribution will be unconditionally fulfilled by the country's own means compared to a BAU scenario. The country aims to improve efficient energy consumption in all sectors by 9%.

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data