Jordan Energy Information

Jordan Energy Research

- Jordan's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Jordan's 2025-2035 energy strategy aims to cut GHG emissions by 31%, achieve 40% renewable power generation, enhance energy security, and transition towards a competitive electricity market.

- Jordan's Energy Companies: Jordan’s power generation relies on IPPs and state-owned SEPCO. NEPCO manages transmission, three regional firms handle distribution, and domestic oil and gas production remains limited.

- Jordan's Energy Supply & Demand: Jordan's energy mix relies heavily on gas and oil, with growing shares of renewables and oil shale. Total energy supply reached 8.5 Mtoe in 2024, while emissions have decreased since 2017.

- Jordan's Energy Use & Price by Sector: In 2024, oil dominated final energy consumption at 63%, whilst residential/services and transport led sector demand. Electricity prices remained stable, whereas transport fuel prices fell.

- Jordan's Issues & Prospects: Jordan is advancing major energy projects, including renewables, green hydrogen, gas agreements, and the Basra-Aqaba oil pipeline, while enhancing cross-border electricity links with Egypt.

Jordan Total Energy Production & Consumption

Since 2020, the country's total energy consumption has increased by 1%/year to around 8.5 Mtoe in 2024, after declining by 5%/year between 2017 and 2020. Consumption per capita reached 0.7 toe/cap, around four times lower than the average for the Middle East.

Oil is the country's main energy source, with 49% of total consumption, followed by natural gas with 35% which has been rising since 2014 as a result of increasing imports, renewables (9%) and oil shales (5%), classified as coal.

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Oil Production & Consumption

Jordan imported 2 Mt of crude oil in 2024, a level that has remained stable for the past four years. This increase follows a long-term increasing trend of crude oil and oil products between 2010-2015, which was related to a significant rise in the consumption of fuel oil for electricity generation.

The crude oil used in the country is imported mainly from Saudi Arabia (79% in 2022).

The country has a refinery in Zarqa with a capacity of 60 kb/d (3 Mt/year), which produced 1.8 Mt of oil products in 2024. In addition, Jordan imported 2.2 Mt of refined products in 2024.

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Jordan Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Gas production, which began in 1989 (Risha fields), is limited (0.2 bcm in 2024). It is used for electricity generation. The country imported 3.8 bcm of natural gas in 2024, mostly from Israel (83%) and the rest from Egypt.

A 15.5 km-long gas pipeline to export gas from the Leviathan field in Israel to Jordan was commissioned in 2019. It was laid near the southern end of the Dead Sea. Noble Energy and the Leviathan partners will supply 45 bcm of natural gas from the field over 15 years(3 bcm/year).

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Jordan has the world's fifth largest oil shale deposit. The country began exploiting these resources in 2022 to supply part of its electricity production (production of 1.6 Mt in 2024).

Oil shale is mainly used to produce electricity (95%).

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan Renewable in % Electricity Production

In 2023, the country has raised its target for the share of renewables in the power capacity mix from 31%, as included in the Energy Sector Strategy 2020-2030, to 50% by 2030 (38% in 2024).

As part of the Energy Sector Strategy 2025-2035, the country aims to increase the share of renewables in power generation to 40% by 2035 (25% in 2024).

National Electric Power Co (NEPCO), the transmission system operator, is the primary purchaser of renewable electricity through PPAs.

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Jordan GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

Jordan's updated NDC 3.0 sets a target to cut GHG emissions by 5% unconditionally and by up to 31% conditionally, relative to a business-as-usual scenario by 2035. The country aspires to reach carbon neutrality by 2050.

Source: Jordan energy report

Interactive Chart Jordan CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data