Croatia Key Figures
- Population:
- 3.90 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 10.4 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 46.4%
Data of the last year available: 2021
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 75.4 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 4.03 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 9.12%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Croatia energy report
Croatia Related News
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Croatia Related Research
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Total Energy Consumption
Energy consumption per capita is 2.2 toe, with electricity accounting for 4 300 kWh (2021). These figures are around 25% below the EU averages.
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption grew by 4% to 8.7 Mtoe in 2021, returning to its 2019 level. It had declined by 3%/year on average between 2007 and 2014 before recovering by 2.8%/year until 2017 and stabilising until 2019.
Interactive Chart Croatia Total Energy Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Croatia energy report
Crude Oil Production
Crude oil production is low and, after a plateau at around 800 kt between 2016 and 2018, is declining (-7%/year between 2018 and 2021), reaching 664 kt in 2021. According to preliminary estimates, it declined by 3% in 2022.
Imports declined by 7.6% in 2021 to 2.3 Mt (their 2019 level) and by 16% in 2022, according to preliminary estimates. In 2019, a long overhaul at the Rijeka refinery contributed to cut crude oil imports by 30% to 2.3 Mt and to raise oil product imports by 31% to 2.5 Mt.
Interactive Chart Croatia Crude Oil Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Oil Products Consumption
The consumption of oil products declined between 2017 (3.4 Mt) and 2020 and rebounded by 3.8% in 2021, reaching 2.9 Mt.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
The share of transport in oil product consumption rose from 52% in 2010 to over 2/3 in 2021. Conversely, the share of households and services in oil product consumption declined from 15% to 11% in 2021.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)
Interactive Chart Croatia Refined Oil Products Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Natural Gas Consumption
Gas consumption dipped by 4.4% in 2021 to 2.9 bcm, as higher hydropower availability cut gas consumption in the power sector by 7%. It increased rapidly between 2014 and 2020 (+3.7%/year), reaching 3 bcm in 2020, spurred by the commissioning of the Sisak-3 CCGT power plant in 2015, but fluctuating in accordance with hydropower availability.
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
Interactive Chart Croatia Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset
Coal Consumption
Coal consumption halved from 2010 to 2018 and has been averaging 0.6-0.7 Mt since then (0.7 Mt in 2021), depending on hydropower availability. It more than tripled between 1999 and 2004 following the commissioning of the 210 MW Plomin-2 power plant and remained broadly stable at around 1.1 Mt/year until 2016; it fell by 39% in 2017 after a fire at Plomin-1, where operations have been suspended.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Croatia Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Croatia energy report
Power Consumption
Electricity consumption rose by 8.2% to nearly 17 TWh in 2021, after a 6% drop in 2020. It soared between 2000 and 2008 (+3.9%/year) and fluctuated around 16 TWh until 2019.
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
The shares of industry, transports, services, and households in power consumption have remained broadly stable since 2010. In 2021, households accounted for 39% of electricity consumption, followed by services (34%) and industry (22%).
Renewable in % Electricity Production
According to the NECP, the share of renewables in the final energy consumption should be raised to 36.4% in 2030 (63.8% for electricity, 36.6% for heating and cooling, and 13.2% in transport). It should reach 53-65% in 2050 (Energy Development Strategy, 2020). In 2021, renewables covered 31.3% of final energy consumption, including 53.5% in electricity, 38% in heating and cooling and nearly 7% in transport. The 2020 target of the National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP, 2013) for a share of 20% of renewables was largely exceeded (by 11 points).
Interactive Chart Croatia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
Total GHG emissions, decreased slightly between 2017 and 2020 (-6.4% in 2020), when they reached 18.6 MtCO2eq, i.e. 28% below their 1990 level. They fell before that by 4.3%/year between their 2007 peak and 2014 and then recovered until 2017 (+4.4%/year).
In its NECP, Croatia aims to cut its GHG emissions by 43% in 2030 (compared with 2005 level) in ETS sectors and by 7% in non-ETS sectors. Croatia's Strategy for Low Emissions Development by 2030 with an outlook by 2050 aims to cut GHG emissions by 64-74% in 2050 compared to 1990.