Croatia Key Figures
- Population:
- 3.85 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 6.33 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 44.9%
Data of the last year available: 2022
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 68.9 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 4.14 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 9.10%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Croatia energy report
Croatia Energy News
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Croatia Energy Research
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Croatia Total Energy Consumption
Energy consumption per capita is stable at 2.2 toe, with electricity accounting for 4 300 kWh (2022). These figures are around 25% below the EU averages.
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption dipped by 3.3% in 2022 to 8.4 Mtoe, after a 4% rebound in 2021 and a 4% drop in 2020. It had declined by 3%/year on average between 2007 and 2014 (8.1 Mtoe), before recovering to an average of 8.5 Mtoe since 2015.
Interactive Chart Croatia Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Croatia energy report
Croatia Crude Oil Production
Crude oil production is low and, after a plateau at around 800 kt between 2016 and 2018, is declining (-6%/year between 2018 and 2022), reaching 638 kt in 2022. According to preliminary estimates, it declined by 5.5% in 2023.
Crude oil imports have been declining since 2019 due to a long overhaul at the Rijeka refinery in 2019 and the closure of the Sisak refinery (44 kb/d) at the end of 2019 (-7.6% in 2021 and -14% in 2022). They currently stand at 2 Mt.
Interactive Chart Croatia Crude Oil Production
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Croatia Oil Products Consumption
The consumption of oil products has been increasing since 2020 (+8.7% in 2022 to 3.2 Mt), after a 3.4%/year decrease between 2016 and 2020 (-11% in 2020 alone). Overall, consumption declined over 2006-2014. According to preliminary estimates, it rose by 1.3% in 2023.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Croatia Refined Oil Products Production
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Croatia Natural Gas Consumption
Gas consumption has been declining since 2020, with a 13% drop in 2022 to 2.5 bcm. According to preliminary estimates, it grew by 1% in 2023. Gas consumption increased rapidly between 2014 and 2020 (+3.7%/year), reaching 3 bcm in 2020, spurred by the commissioning of the Sisak-3 CCGT power plant in 2015, but fluctuating in accordance with hydropower availability.
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
Interactive Chart Croatia Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Croatia Coal Consumption
Coal consumption halved from 2010 to 2018 and has been averaging 0.6-0.7 Mt since then (0.7 Mt in 2022), depending on hydropower availability. According to preliminary estimates, it fell by 17% in 2023. Coal consumption more than tripled between 1999 and 2004 following the commissioning of the 210 MW Plomin-2 power plant and remained broadly stable at around 1.1 Mt/year until 2016; it fell by 40% in 2017 after a fire at Plomin-1, where operations have been suspended.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Croatia Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
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View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Croatia energy report
Croatia Power Consumption
Electricity consumption dipped by 1.7% to less than 17 TWh in 2022, after an 8% recovery in 2021 and a 6% drop in 2020. It soared between 2000 and 2008 (+4%/year) and has fluctuated around 16 TWh since then. According to preliminary estimates, it remained stable in 2023.
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Croatia Renewable in % Electricity Production
The draft updated NECP (2023) raised the 2030 target for the share of renewables in the final energy consumption from 36.4% to 42.5%, including 73.6% for electricity, 47.1% for heating and cooling, and 21.6% in transport. It should reach 53-65% in 2050 (Energy Development Strategy, 2020). In 2022, renewables covered 28% of final energy consumption, including 55.5% for electricity, 37% for heating and cooling and 2.4% in transport. The 2020 target of the National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP, 2013) for a share of 20% of renewables was largely exceeded (by 11 points).
Interactive Chart Croatia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
Croatia CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
In its draft updated NECP, Croatia aims to cut its GHG emissions by 50.2% in 2030 (compared with 2005 level) in ETS sectors and by 16.7% in non-ETS sectors (up from 43% and 7%, respectively, in the initial NECP). Croatia's Strategy for Low Emissions Development by 2030 with an outlook by 2050 aims to cut GHG emissions by 64-74% in 2050 compared to 1990. A strategy for achieving larger emission reductions by 2030 and reaching carbon neutrality in the energy sector by 2050 was confirmed in 2021.