Brazil Energy Information

Brazil Energy Research

Brazil Total Energy Consumption

With a per capita consumption of 1.6 toe (2023), Brazil is within the average range for semi-industrialised countries but well below the European average of 2.8 toe.

Total energy consumption increased by 3.3% in 2023 to 336 Mtoe, after stability in 2022 and a strong rebound in 2021 (+ 6%). It remained roughly stable between 2016 and 2020. Previously, it increased at a fairly rapid pace between 2000 and 2014 (3.5%/year).

Interactive Chart Brazil Total Energy Consumption

Brazil Crude Oil Production

The country's oil production growth is accelerating. It increased by 12% in 2023 to 178 Mt, in the wake of a period of important growth that began in 2013 (+4.4%/year from 2013 to 2022). In 2023, 76% of oil production came from the pre-salt. Over the first 11 months of 2024, oil production decreased by 1%.

Interactive Chart Brazil Crude Oil Production

Brazil Oil Products Consumption

Oil product consumption rose by 4.5% in 2023 to 124 Mt, very close to its peak in 2014 (125 Mt). This is due to a strong increase since 2020 (+7%/year). Previously, it had increased significantly between 2003 and 2014 (+3.5%/year, on average), then decreased by 4%/year between 2014 and 2020.

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Brazil Refined Oil Products Production

Brazil Natural Gas Consumption

Gas demand decreased by 0.7% in 2023 to 37 bcm, following an 18% drop in 2022. This is due to lower needs for electricity production (gas was used to substitute weaker hydroelectricity production in 2021 due to major droughts) and higher prices. It decreased by 4%/year between 2014 and 2020. It rose at the strong pace of 12%/year between 1999 and 2014, mainly due to the power sector and, to a lesser extent, industry.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Interactive Chart Brazil Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Brazil Coal Consumption

Coal consumption decreased by 2.3% in 2023 to 23 Mt, following an 18% drop in 2022. It peaked at around 29 Mt in 2021 due to the higher use of coal power plants to substitute weak hydro production. Over the last few years, the trend in coal consumption has been decreasing (-5%/year from 2015 to 2020).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Industry accounts for 71% of demand, while the remainder is used to produce electricity.

Interactive Chart Brazil Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Brazil Power Consumption

Electricity consumption increased by around 1.8%/year between 2015 and 2023 to 594 TWh, after increasing rapidly between 2001 and 2015 (around 3.8%/year). Almost all households are electrified (99.5% in 2023). According to EPE, power consumption rose by 5.3% in 2024 (+7% for households and around +5% for industry and services).

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Brazil Renewable in % Electricity Production

Brazil targets between 45% and 50% of renewables in its energy mix by 2030 in its roadmap towards carbon neutrality, which corresponds to a stabilization of the share of renewables (around 50% in 2023) despite the increase of energy consumption. In its PDE 2034, Brazil forecasts a 49% share of renewables in its energy mix by 2034.

Since 2009, new contracts for wind, biomass and small hydro plant projects are awarded through competitive bidding.

Interactive Chart Brazil Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Brazil CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

In its second NDC (November 2024), Brazil set a new target, with a cut of between 59% and 67% in GHG emissions by 2035 compared to 2005 levels, i.e. reaching GHG emissions between 0.85 and 1.05 GtCO2e. The objective is to reach carbon neutrality by 2050.