Brazil energy report

• Brazil targets a 50% cut in GHG emissions in 2030.
• Eletrobras, the federal holding company, owns about 30% of the power capacity.
• Petrobras is responsible for over 90% of the oil output, of which 66% comes from pre-salt production.
• Renewables account for 84% of power generation, 58% of which is hydro.
• Micro and mini distributed PV generation reached 11 GW mid-2022.
• Crude oil exports have tripled since 2013.
• Gasoline and diesel prices are quite low compared to regional levels. Ethanol continues to be a cheap option.
• Electricity prices are among the highest in Latin America.
• Total energy consumption rose sharply in 2021.
• The country's consumption is booming and should double by 2050.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  The Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) has the responsibility for the whole energy sector. The National Council for Energy Policy (CNPE), composed of government representatives, experts in energy and non-governmental organisations, establishes the energy policy.

  EPE, the Energy Research Company under MME, is in charge of energy planning.

• Energy Companies

  Oil:

  Petrobras (Federal Government 50.3% of common shares and 28.7% of capital stock) is the national oil and gas company and the largest Brazilian company.

• Energy Supply

  Oil:

  The country's oil production grew at the rapid pace of 5.5%/year between 2013 and 2020, and decreased in 2021 (-1%) to 152 Mt. On average, 60% of production comes from the pre-salt.

  The country is a net exporter of crude oil (net exports of 57 Mt in 2021); crude oil exports increased by around 20%/year between 2013 and 2020, reaching 70 Mt in 2020. They decreased by 2.5% in 2021.

• Energy Prices

  Electricity:

  Electricity prices are subject to the approval of ANEEL. Prices were roughly stable between 2013 and 2019 and have decreased since then by 20% in industry and by 25% for households. In 2021, the average price reached US$15.1 c/kWh (+3.4% in 2021) for the household sector and US$130c/kWh (+3.2%) for industry due mostly to the increase in the exchange rate to the dollar.

• Energy Consumption

  With a per capita consumption of 1.4 toe (2021), Brazil is within the average range for semi-industrialised countries but well below the European average of 3 toe.

  Total energy consumption rebounded by 7% in 2021 to 308 Mtoe after a 2% reduction in 2020. It remained roughly stable between 2016 and 2019, and increased at a fairly rapid pace between 2000 and 2014 (3.5%/year).

• Issues & Prospects

  According to the 10-Year Energy Expansion Plan 2031 (Plan Decenal de Expansão de Energia 2031, PDE 2031), final energy consumption should grow by an average of 2.5%/year between 2021 and 2031. Electricity consumption is expected to increase by 5.2%/year, oil products by 1%/year, gas by 4.9%/year, and coal by 2.7%/year.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY COMPANIES
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the Brazil energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry (US$c/kWh GCV)
• GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %)
• GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
• GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)

In the Brazil energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Brazil country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.