In 2019, the United States exported 23.6 quadrillion Btu (quads) (595 Mtoe) of energy and imported 22.8 quads, while it imported 22.8 quads (575 Mtoe, the lowest level since 1995), thus becoming a net exporter of energy for the first time in 67 years. The change in US energy trade balance is mainly due to a decline in net imports of crude oil (-31%, due to rising exports and declining imports). In addition, natural gas gross exports rose by 29% and imports fell by 5%. The United States remained a net exporter of coal, but imports rose by 12% while exports fell by 20% in 2019.
According to a previous report from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), the US crude oil production grew by 11% in 2019, reaching a record level of 12.2 md/d. This growth was spurred by the rising production from tight rock formations using hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") and horizontal drilling. US crude oil production has more than doubled during the past ten years.