In 2024, France exported a record level of electricity, thanks to abundant decarbonised power generation, according to a report published by the French power transmission system operator (TSO) RTE. Its gross electricity exports, at 101.3 TWh in 2024, have never been so high, while its net exports exceeded the historical record of 2002 (76 TWh) to stand at 89 TWh. Nearly one third (32%) of the exports were directed to Italy, 18% to Germany, 15% to Belgium, and 7% to the United Kingdom. France was a net exporter 98% of the time, and totalled 101.3 TWh of exports to all its neighbours (compared to 12.3 TWh imported mainly from Spain, Germany and Belgium).
In 2024, the average SPOT price declined to €58/MWh, down from €276/MWh in 2022 and €97/MWh in 2023), back to its pre-crisis level. However, prices were more volatile, with more frequent low or negative prices (twice more frequent negative prices in 2024 compared to 2023). Future prices also declined in 2024 but remained higher than in 2019. These lower prices are due to the increase in low-carbon, low-cost power generation in 2024 in France and in Europe, to a lower electricity demand (compared to pre-crisis levels), and to lower gas prices,