Thailand Key Figures
- Population:
- 71.7 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 2.59 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 43.8%
Data of the last year available: 2022
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 82.5 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 3.46 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 6.07%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Thailand energy report
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Thailand Energy Research
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Thailand Total Energy Consumption
Per capita energy consumption stood at 1.8 toe in 2022, while per capita electricity consumption was 2 740 kWh.
Total energy consumption has been decreasing by 2%/year since 2019, reaching 128 Mtoe in 2022. Previously, it had increased by 1.8%/year as from 2010.
Oil covers 46% of the country's needs, natural gas 23%, biomass 17%, and coal and lignite 11%.
Interactive Chart Thailand Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Thailand energy report
Thailand Crude Oil Production
The production of liquid hydrocarbons (crude oil and NGL) has been decreasing since 2016 (-7.8%/year), after a rapid increase between 2000 and 2016 (6%/year).
The refining capacity amounts to 1.2 mb/d, distributed in 6 main refineries, of which the 3 largest are: PTTGC (280 kb/d), Thai Oil in Sriracha (275 kb/d), IRPC (215 kb/d). The others are ExxonMobil/Esso (177 kb/d) in Sriracha, STAR refinery (175 kb/d), and Bangchak Petroleum (120 kb/d).
The country is an exporter of oil products; however, exports dropped by 22% in 2022 to 8.6 Mt.
Interactive Chart Thailand Crude Oil Production
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Thailand Renewable in % Electricity Production
The 20-year Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP 2018 - 2037), reviewed in 2020, targets a share of 30% of renewables in the final energy consumption in 2037. The AEDP is in line with the revised PDP 2018 that sets a goal of around 28 GW of renewables by 2037 (36% of total capacity), comprising 15.5 GW of solar, 4.7 GW of biomass, 3.1 of hydropower, 3 GW of wind, and 1.8 GW of solid waste and biogas.
Interactive Chart Thailand Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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Learn more about renewables in the Mini grid Africa & Asia markets for village electrification
Thailand CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
In its last updated NDC (2022), the country raised its target to a 30% reduction in GHG emissions from a BAU scenario by 2030 (20% before) and up to 40% subject to international support. It also included the objectives of carbon neutrality by 2050 and net zero GHG emissions by 2065-2070.
Total CO2 emissions from fuel combustion decreased in 2020 and 2021 by 4%/year and remained stable in 2022 (248 MtCO2). They more than tripled between 1990 and 2013 before plateauing around 260 MtCO2 until 2019.
Graph: CO2-ENERGY EMISSIONS (MtCO2)