Germany Key Figures
- Population:
- 83.7 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 1.78 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 35.4%
Data of the last year available: 2022
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 64.3 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 7.60 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 5.13%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Germany energy report
Germany Related News
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Germany Related Research
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Total Energy Consumption
Per capita consumption decreased to 3.2 toe in 2022 (-7%), thanks to the country's call for greater restraint to face the energy crisis. Per capita electricity consumption also fell to 5,850 kWh.
In 2022, total energy consumption decreased by 6.5%, reaching 270 Mtoe, a level lower than in 2020. Previously, it decreased by 1.5%/year over 2016-2019.
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Graph: TOTAL CONSUMPTION MARKET SHARE BY ENERGY (2022, %)
Interactive Chart Germany Total Energy Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Germany energy report
Crude Oil Production
Germany relies on imports for more than 97% of its crude oil supply with a declining production, which reached 3.1 Mt in 2022. Crude oil imports declined by 2%/year over 2015-2021, but rebounded by 8% to 88 Mt in 2022; about 25% of those imports still came from Russia (down from 35% in 2021).
Germany has 12 refineries in operation with a total capacity of 2.1 mb/d. The five biggest refineries are MiRo (298 kb/d), Gelsenkirchen (257 kb/d), Leuna (241 kb/d), Schwedt (232 kb/d), and Ingolstadt (206 kb/d).
Germany imported around 35 Mt of refined products in 2022.
Interactive Chart Germany Crude Oil Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Oil Products Consumption
The consumption of oil products decreased slightly in 2022 to 94 Mt (-0.5%), after a 2.3% rebound in 2021 and a 5% drop in 2020. From 2012 to 2017, the consumption of oil products remained relatively flat at around 100 Mt.
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Half of oil products are consumed in transport, followed by non-energy uses (22%) and residential & services (15%).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022, %)
Interactive Chart Germany Refined Oil Products Production
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Natural Gas Consumption
Natural gas consumption dropped by 15% in 2022 to 83 bcm, following the shift to other energies. Previously, gas consumption soared by nearly 4%/year over 2014-2019. After a 3% drop in 2020, it increased by nearly 6% in 2021.
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
In 2022, buildings (residential, services, and agriculture) accounted for 47% of the gas consumption; this is trailed by the industrial sector (28%) and the power sector (22%, +5 points).
Interactive Chart Germany Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset
Coal Consumption
Coal and lignite consumption rebounded by 19% in 2021 and by 4% in 2022 to 168 Mt, reflecting the improved competitivity of coal due to higher gas prices and the restart of coal and lignite-fired power plants at the end of 2022. It decreased by 3.5%/year between 2015 and 2018, and by around 20% in 2019 and 2020, following the closure of 9 GW of coal and lignite fired power plants.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Germany Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Germany energy report
Power Consumption
Electricity consumption decreased by 3% in 2022 to 490 TWh, after a 2.5% rebound in 2021. It decreased by 0.8%/year between 2010 and 2019, with an acceleration since 2017 (-1.6%/year). In 2022 it was back to its 199 level.
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh).
Electricity consumption is dominated by industry (39% in 2022, -4 points compared to 2021), followed by the residential sector (28%) and services (25%).
Renewable in % Electricity Production
The Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA), within BMWi, is the agency that funds the development of renewables.
The official target of 18% of renewables in final consumption in 2020 was exceeded by 1.3 points (19.3%). The NECP raised this share to 30% of final consumption in 2030.
In April 2022, the coalition government adopted its "Easter Package" and the EEG 2023, aiming to nearly double the share of renewables in total electricity consumption to 80% by 2030 (vs 65% reviously), and 100% by 2035.
Interactive Chart Germany Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data
Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
In 2021, Germany updated its climate goals from the Federal Climate Change Act with a revised goal of a 65% cut in GHG emissions by 2030 compared with 1990 (up from 55% in the NECP) and an 88% cut by 2040. The law prescribes annual emissions budgets, i.e. how much GHG each sector (energy, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture, waste, and others) can emit each year over 2020- 2030. It also brings forward the goal of GHG neutrality by 2045 and introduces a national carbon tax, set at 25€/tCO2 from 2021.