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Germany energy report

Germany energy report
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Format
4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
Pages
55 (Report only)
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Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
  • ENERGY SUPPLY
  • ENERGY PRICES
  • ENERGY CONSUMPTION
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • DATA TABLES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

This analysis includes a comprehensive Germany energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.

Highlights

  • Germany aims to reduce GHG emissions by at least 65% in 2030 compared to 1990 and to reach carbon neutrality by 2045.
  • It targets a share of 100% of renewables in its electricity consumption in 2035.
  • RWE is the largest power generator.
  • Uniper, the third largest generator, has been nationalized following the interruption of Russian gas supply.
  • Nearly 60% of the power mix came from renewables in 2024 (+40 pp since 2010), of which 43% from wind and solar (+35 pp).
  • The coal and lignite-fired capacity has dropped by 30% since 2020 to 31 GW.
  • The country is independent from Russian oil and gas since January 2023.
  • Electricity prices for households decreased by 3% in 2024 but remain 35% higher than the EU average. Industry prices have been converging down to the European level.
  • Gas prices for households stabilized in 2024; they continue to decrease (-22% in 2024) in industry, mainly due to federal subsidies.
  • Coal and lignite consumption has been plummeting since 2022 due to the gradual phase-out of coal-fired power plants.
  • Gas consumption rebounded in 2024 due to the recovery in industrial and power sectors.
  • Massive power grid expansion will be key for the planned development of solar and wind by 2030 (215 GW and 115 GW, respectively).
  • Around 20 GW of new gas power plant capacities are planned by 2030 for ensuring a complete coal phase-out.
  • The country plans to add 8.8 GW of hydrogen plants by 2035 and almost 10 000 km of network by 2032.
100%
renewables in power consumption by 2035
-65%
in GHG emissions by 2030
2030
phase-out of coal and lignite

  • Institutions & Energy Policy

    The Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) oversees the country's energy policy and supervises the energy sector.

    The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and Consumer Protection (BMU) is responsible for climate policies and the nuclear sector.

  • Energy Supply

    Gas:

    Gas production was divided by around a factor 3 over 2010-2024, from 15 bcm to 5 bcm in 2024, corresponding to only 6% of the demand.

  • Energy Prices

    Oil:

    Gasoline and diesel prices are mainly driven by international crude oil prices; after surges of 22% and 41%, respectively, in 2022, they have been decreasing since then by around 2%/ year on average. Taxes, including VAT, represent around 59% of the gasoline price and nearly 50% of the diesel price (February 2024).

  • Energy Consumption

    Per capita consumption decreased further to b 2.9 toe in 2024 (-1.6%), many due to lower economic activity and warmer temperatures. Per capita electricity consumption also fell to 5,476 kWh.

  • Issues & Prospects

    Electricity:

    To face expected growth in power demand, the country aims to accelerate the development of renewables. According to the projections of BNetzA (2022), electricity consumption is expected to double between 2020-2021 and 2037 (3.5 to +4.6%/year according to the scenario), reaching up to 982 TWh; and 999 TWh to 1,222 TWh by 2045.

  • GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
  • GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
  • GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
  • GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
  • GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
  • GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
  • GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh).
  • GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
  • GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2024, %)
  • GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2024, %)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
  • Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Germany energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Germany country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Germany Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Germany energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Germany country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.