Germany energy report

• Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Germany has boosted its renewable objective, targeting 80% of renewables in electricity consumption by 2030.
• The country aims to reduce GHG emissions by 65% in 2030 and to reach carbon neutrality by 2045.
• All nuclear plants are planned to be shut down in 2022 and the phase out of coal and lignite will be advanced to 2030.
• Electricity is produced by 4 main historical players, whose structure and activities have evolved significantly in recent years to cope with the coal and nuclear phase out.
• RWE is the largest power generator and produces half of the country's lignite.
• The wind and solar capacity reached 122 GW in 2021.
• The share of renewables in the power mix increased by 27 points between 2010 and 2020 but dropped by 3 points in 2021 to 42%.
• The coal and lignite fired power capacity has dropped by 32% since 2015 to around 38 GW (6 GW of which in 2021).
• The average electricity price for households is more than twice as high as the industrial price and 40% above the EU average.
• Coal and lignite consumption increased by 18% in 2021 as the country switched back from gas due to rising gas prices.
• Interconnection and transmission projects attract a large part of the investments.
• Wind represents most of the new power capacity.
• The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has revived interests in LNG projects.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  The Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) oversees the country's energy policy and supervises the energy sector.

  The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and Consumer Protection (BMU) is responsible for climate policies and the nuclear sector.

• Energy Supply

  Gas:

  Gas production has been divided by 2.5 since 2010, from 15 bcm to 6 bcm in 2021, corresponding to around 6% of the demand.

  Gas imports increased by 18%/year between 2014 and 2018 to 172 bcm and then decreased by 3% (156 bcm) in 2021. In 2020, Germany was the world's largest importer of gas before China, accounting for nearly 13% of global gas imports.

• Energy Prices

  Electricity:

  On average, the price of electricity for households is more than double the price for industry due to numerous factors, including the rate of energy and network taxes, as well as larger consumers receiving lower rates per unit of energy through economies of scale.

• Energy Consumption

  Per capita consumption is 3.4 toe (2021). Per capita electricity consumption is 6 030 kWh.

  Germany is the largest energy consumer in Europe. Total consumption decreased by 1.2%/year between 2016-2019, with a significant drop (-6%) in 2020. In 2021, total consumption increased by 2.5%, reaching 286 Mtoe.

  Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

• Issues & Prospects

  Electricity:

  According to the German Federal Ministry of Economics, electricity consumption is expected to increase by nearly +1%/year over 2018-2030 to 658 TWh.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the Germany energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
• GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %)
• GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh).
• GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)

In the Germany energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Germany country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.