Denmark Key Figures
- Population:
- 5.95 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 1.89 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 62.4%
Data of the last year available: 2023
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 64.0 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 4.25 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 5.19%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Denmark energy report
Denmark Energy News
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Denmark Energy Research
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Denmark Total Energy Consumption
Denmark's consumption per capita is slightly lower than the EU average at 2.6 toe/cap and 5 700 kWh/cap of electricity in 2023.
Total energy consumption decreased by 3% in 2023 to 15.6 Mtoe, after a 4% decrease in 2022 and a 5% progression in 2021; it increased by 1.5%/year from 2016 to 2018 and declined in 2019 and 2020.
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Interactive Chart Denmark Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Denmark energy report
Denmark Crude Oil Production
Oil production has been on a downward trend since 2004, decreasing by an average of 10%/year to 2.9 Mt in 2023 (-30% in 2020 and -8% in 2023).
Denmark became a net crude oil importer in 2017; net imports have almost doubled since 2010, reaching 4.8 Mt in 2023. Exports of refined products have declined by 13% since 2020, reaching 6.1 Mt in 2023.
The country has two refineries: AS Dansk Shell-Fredericia (68 kb/d) and Dansk Statoil AS-Kalundborg (108 kb/d).
Interactive Chart Denmark Crude Oil Production
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Denmark Oil Products Consumption
Oil consumption remained stable in 2023 at 5.4 Mt, after a 2% increase in 2022 and a 6% drop in 2020. Between 2015 and 2019, it remained relatively stable.
Transport absorbs 66% of oil product consumption (2023), followed by industry (10%) and residential services and agriculture (11%).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Interactive Chart Denmark Refined Oil Products Production
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Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Denmark Natural Gas Consumption
Gas consumption decreased by 3% in 2023 to 2.3 bcm, after a 20% drop in 2022 and a 7% increase in 2021. After a peak at 5 bcm in 2010, it declined by 10%/year between 2010 and 2014 and remained stable at around 3.2 bcm over 2014-2019 before dropping by 13% in 2020.
In 2023, the residential, services, and agriculture sectors accounted for 37% of gas consumption, followed by industry (30%) and power generation (9%).
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
Interactive Chart Denmark Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Denmark Coal Consumption
Coal consumption is almost exclusively used by the power sector (87% in 2023). It dropped by 34% in 2023 to 1.2 Mt, following a 1% decrease in 2022. It dropped by 85% (13%/year) between 2006 and 2020, due to the surge in wind generation and the conversion of coal-fired units to biomass, and remained stable in 2021.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Interactive Chart Denmark Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
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View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Denmark energy report
Denmark Power Consumption
In 2023, electricity consumption decreased by 2% to 34 TWh, following a 9% decrease in 2022. It remained broadly stable between 2015 and 2020 at around 32 TWh before increasing by 7% in 2021 to nearly 35 TWh.
The residential sector and services are the two largest consumers of electricity consumption, with 29% and 28%, respectively, followed by industry (26%) (2023).
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Denmark Renewable in % Electricity Production
The target of the 2012 Energy Agreement to raise the share of renewables to more than 35% of final energy consumption in 2022 was reached in 2018 (35.7%). In 2023, the share of renewables in final energy consumption reached 42.5%, of which 71.5% for electricity, 51.8% for heating, and 11.5% for transport and district heating. In electricity and district heating, wood (40%), wind (39%), and biodegradable waste (9%) dominated the mix.
Interactive Chart Denmark Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis
Denmark CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
The Climate Act (2019) set a target to reduce GHG emissions by 70% in 2030 compared to 1990 and to reach carbon neutrality by 2050; the 2024 NECP advances the carbon neutrality target by 5 years to 2045 and reduces emissions by 70% in 2030 and by 110% in 2050.