Switzerland Energy Information

Switzerland Energy Research

- Switzerland's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Swiss climate policy targets 65% GHG reduction by 2035 and net-zero by 2050, with a EUR 111/tCO₂ tax and decentralised energy governance.

- Switzerland's Energy Companies: Switzerland’s energy sector is dominated by publicly owned firms, with Axpo, Alpiq, and BKW controlling ~40% of power generation, while EGO and Gaznat supply ~67% of gas.

- Switzerland's Energy Supply & Demand: Switzerland’s energy mix is 95% carbon-free, led by hydro (59%) and nuclear (29%). Total energy consumption fell 2%/year since 2019, with per capita use 11% below the EU average.

- Switzerland's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Switzerland’s energy consumption stabilised in 2024 after a 4% annual decline since 2021, with higher-than-EU prices. Buildings dominate demand (47%), followed by transport (32%) and industry (19%). Electricity’s share is rising, projected to reach 62% by 2050.

- Switzerland's Issues & Prospects: The country aims to boost renewable energy, with gas plants as temporary back-ups. Hydropower and solar projects are expanding, while grid upgrades enhance EU integration. Green hydrogen initiatives are also underway.

Switzerland Total Energy Production & Consumption

Since 2019, total energy consumption has declined by 2%/year to 22 Mtoe in 2024. Previously, it decreased slightly (around 1%/year) over 2016-2019. Total energy consumption per capita is 2.5 toe (11% lower than the EU average).

Primary electricity (hydro, nuclear, solar, and net imports) represented 41% of total energy consumption in 2024 (+3 pp since 2010), of which 25% is nuclear and 14% hydro. Oil ranks second with 33% (-6 pp), followed by biomass (14%, +5 pp) and gas (11%, -1 pp).

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Source: Switzerland energy report

Interactive Chart Switzerland Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Switzerland Oil Production & Consumption

The country does not produce oil. Of total oil imports, 2/3 are made directly in the form of refined products (6.6 Mt in 2024) and 1/3 in the form of crude oil (2.6 Mt). In 2024, 55% of crude oil imports came from the US and Nigeria (37%). More than two thirds of refined oil products are imported from Germany (68%), followed by France (11%).

Source: Switzerland energy report

Interactive Chart Switzerland Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Switzerland Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Switzerland Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Switzerland does not produce natural gas. After reaching a peak at 3.8 bcm in 2021, gas imports declined by 8%/year to 3 bcm in 2024.

The largest gas provider in 2024 was France (88%). Switzerland has 12 interconnection points.

The storage capacity is low, but Gaznat SA owns storage capacity in the French underground storage site Etrez, close to Lyon (France).

Gas consumption reached 3 bcm in 2024 (-8%/year after peaking at 3.8 bcm in 2021). Gas is mainly used by in buildings (64%), followed by industry (31%).

Graph: Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Switzerland energy report

Interactive Chart Switzerland Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Switzerland GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its second NDC (2025), the country set the goal to reduce GHG emissions by at least 65% by 2035 compared to 1990 levels (vs 50% in 2030 and 35% in 2025 in the previous NDC version).

Source: Switzerland energy report

Interactive Chart Switzerland CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data