Singapore Energy Information

Singapore Energy Research

- Singapore's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Singapore’s energy & climate policy aims for 3GW solar, 2MtCO₂ CCUS by 2030, net-zero by 2050, and a rising carbon tax (SGD50-80/tCO₂ by 2030).

- Singapore's Energy Companies: Singapore’s energy sector is dominated by Tuas Power, Senoko Energy, and PowerSeraya for electricity; ExxonMobil for oil refining; and Pavilion Gas and SembCorp for gas retail.

- Singapore's Energy Supply & Demand: Singapore, a major Asian oil hub, relies on imports for energy. Gas dominates its power mix (92%), with oil (61%) and renewables (11%) also significant.

- Singapore's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Industry and non-energy use dominate final energy consumption (70%), with petroleum as the top source. Electricity prices fell in 2025, while gas and transport fuel prices rose.

- Singapore's Issues & Prospects: Singapore targets 6GW low-carbon electricity imports by 2035, expanding solar, hydrogen-ready plants, and cross-border CCS projects to meet rising demand.

Singapore Total Energy Production & Consumption

Primary energy consumption edged down 1% in 2025 to 30 Mtoe, following a 2% decline in 2024 and a near 3% increase in 2023. Prior to that, consumption had grown at an average rate of 3.7%/year between 2010 and 2022, with particularly sharp rises in 2012 (+28%) and 2017 (+28%). At 5 toe per capita, Singapore's primary energy consumption is almost 3 times higher than the regional average.

In 2025, oil accounted for 61% of total consumption, with a declining market share (-6 pp since 2010), followed by gas (34%, +3 pp), biomass (3%, +1 pp), and coal (2%, +2 pp).

Source: Singapore energy report

Interactive Chart Singapore Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Singapore Oil Production & Consumption

Singapore is the world's third largest oil products trading place. Thanks to its geographical position, at the extremity of the Strait of Malacca and on the shipping, routes connecting the Middle Eastern producing countries to the Southeast Asian importing countries, Singapore is a key crossing point for oil trade in Asia. Moreover, the country built an artificial island, Jurong Island, entirely dedicated to the oil industry.

Source: Singapore energy report

Interactive Chart Singapore Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Singapore Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Singapore Natural Gas Production & Consumption

As Singapore has no domestic gas production, it imports natural gas through three gas pipes and one LNG regasification terminal. One 4 km cross-border gas pipe links the country to Malaysia. The second pipeline is the 654 km West Natuna Transportation System pipe, which connects the gas fields of West Natuna in Indonesia to the industrial area of Jurong Island. The third pipeline is the 468 km Grissik-Batam-Singapore pipeline, which connects the fields from Sumatra in Indonesia to Singapore.

Source: Singapore energy report

Interactive Chart Singapore Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Singapore Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Coal consumption has increased by 6%/year on average since 2013, reaching 0.9 Mt in 2025; it rose by 10% in 2025, following declines of 10% in 2024 and 5% in 2023. Industry absorbed 60% of this consumption and power generation the remainder. All the coal is imported.

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Singapore energy report

Interactive Chart Singapore Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Singapore Renewable in % Electricity Production

In February 2026, Singapore raised its solar capacity target for 2030 to 3 GW after reaching its initial 2 GW target ahead of schedule.

Solar development is supported through the SolarNova programme, launched in 2014. Led by the Economic Development Board (EDB) and the Housing & Development Board (HDB), the programme helps promote and aggregate demand for solar PV across the rooftops of HDB blocks and government buildings to achieve economies of scale. After surpassing its initial solar target of 220 MWp by 2020, HDB announced in 2019 a new solar target of 540 MWp by 2030.

Source: Singapore energy report

Interactive Chart Singapore Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Singapore GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In February 2025, Singapore released its updated NDC, in which it intends to reduce its GHG emissions to between 45 to 50 MtCO2eq in 2035. The first NDC set the target of reducing the GHG emission intensity by 36% from 2005 levels by 2030 (65 MtCO2eq), with an aim of achieving peak emissions around 2030. In 2022, the government announced that it would achieve net zero emissions by 2050.

Source: Singapore energy report

Interactive Chart Singapore CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data