Nigeria Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

Consumption per capita was 0.8 toe in 2021 (one third higher than the average for Sub-Saharan African). Electricity consumption per capita is relatively low in comparison to neighbouring countries and reached 140 kWh/hab in 2020 (almost three times lower than the average for Sub-Saharan Africa).

Since 2018, total consumption has increased by 5%/year to 173 Mtoe.

In 2021, biomass accounted for 76% of total consumption, which is higher than the region's average. Oil is the second most important energy source with 14%, followed by gas (10%).

Interactive Chart Nigeria Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Nigeria is the largest oil producer in Africa. Oil production is falling due to declining investments, oil theft, and sabotage. It has declined by 38% since 2010 to 79 Mt in 2021 (-22% since 2019). It had risen slowly from 2016 to 2019 (3%/year), after a 14% drop in 2016, partly due to attacks on oil and gas infrastructures.

The country is promoting the exploitation of fields located in the deep and very deep offshore.

Most of the production is exported (92% in 2021). In 2021, Nigerian crude oil exports by value mainly went to India (20%) and Spain (13%).

Interactive Chart Nigeria Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Since 2015, oil product consumption has increased by an average of 3%/year. Despite a decreasing share, transport is the main consuming sector with 90% of total oil products consumption.

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)

Interactive Chart Nigeria Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Since 2009, gas consumption has increased on average by around 6%/year.

The energy sector absorbs around 80% of gas consumption: 35% for power generation and 44% for the oil and gas sector ("others").

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)

Interactive Chart Nigeria Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Coal consumption is very limited (less than 0.1 Mt in 2020) and is exclusively used in the industry sector.

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2021, %)

Interactive Chart Nigeria Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Since 2013, electricity consumption has showed much slower growth than before, following the slow-down in economic growth (3%/year compared to around 9%/year between 2000 and 2012).

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

The share of the residential sector in electricity consumption has increased at a regular pace since 2000 (from 51% to 58% in 2021), whereas the share of industry has been on a slight downward trend (from 21% to 14% in 2021).

Renewable in % Electricity Production

According to its National Renewable Energy Action Plan (2016), Nigeria targets 29% of its electricity production from renewables by 2030, including large hydro (20% in 2021), with 13.8 GW of capacity.

Interactive Chart Nigeria Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

The updated NDC (2021) set an unconditional GHG emission reduction target of 20% below a BAU scenario by 2030 and a conditional target with international support up to 47% (i.e. a level of 244 MtCO₂eq for the conditional target compared to a BAU level of 453 MtCO₂eq). In addition, Nigeria pledged to reach net-zero emissions by 2060.