Myanmar Energy Information

Myanmar Energy Research

- Myanmar's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Myanmar's energy policy aims for universal electrification by 2030, a 13% renewable power share by 2025, and a 20% energy intensity reduction by 2030. Meanwhile, state-owned MOGE faces Western sanctions.

- Myanmar's Energy Companies: Myanmar's energy sector is dominated by state enterprises, though independent power producers operate locally. Following the political crisis, several international oil and gas firms exited the market.

- Myanmar's Energy Supply & Demand: Myanmar boasts significant natural gas and hydropower reserves, with the energy mix dominated by biomass, hydropower, and gas. While largely energy-independent, it relies on imported oil products.

- Myanmar's Energy Use & Price by Sector: In 2025, final energy consumption fell to 15.5 Mtoe, with biomass leading at 51%. Households and services consumed 58%. Industrial electricity and transport fuel prices rose amidst economic challenges.

- Myanmar's Issues & Prospects: Myanmar's energy sector faces political instability and halted Western investments, while Chinese and Russian cooperation drives projects in hydro, gas, coal, and renewables amid widespread delays.

Myanmar Total Energy Production & Consumption

Total energy consumption dropped by 4% in 2025 (19.5 Mtoe) after a 1% increase in 2024. It rose rapidly from 2010 until 2019 (+5%/year on average). In 2025, consumption per capita was below 0.4 toe (79% below the Asian average).

Biomass accounts for a significative part of this consumption (41% in 2025), but its share is declining in favour of oil (31%) and gas (16%). The share of hydro remains marginal (4%). In 2018, the share of oil saw a significant rebound, rising from 22% to 33%, before falling back to 24% in 2021.

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Source: Myanmar energy report

Interactive Chart Myanmar Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Myanmar Oil Production & Consumption

Crude oil production is low and stable (0.2 Mt in 2025) and completely covers domestic demand.

Crude oil consumption decreased by 13%/year on average between 2010 and 2019 and decreased by 10%/year on average between 2021 and 2025 (slightly below 0.2 Mt in 2025).

A 771 km-long crude oil pipeline between Myanmar and China operated by Southeast Asia Crude Oil Pipeline (SEAOP, JV of CNPC and MOGE) started operations in 2017 with a capacity of 442 kb/d (22 Mt/year). It links Ruili (China) to Rakhine, Magwe, and Mandalay (Myanmar).

Graph: Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Myanmar energy report

Interactive Chart Myanmar Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Myanmar Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Myanmar Natural Gas Production & Consumption

Natural gas production has been declining by 6%/year on average since 2021 and stood below 16 bcm in 2025 (15.1 bcm), compared to an average of 18 bcm over 2017-2022. It increased fivefold between 1998 and 2007, following the start of production at the Yadana and Yetagun gas fields (in 1998 and 2000, respectively) and further surged with the commissioning of the Shwe and Zawtika fields until a peak of 19.6 bcm in 2016.

Source: Myanmar energy report

Interactive Chart Myanmar Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Myanmar Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Coal production has nearly quadrupled since 2010, reaching 2.3 Mt in 2025. It grew by an average of 16%/year between 2022 and 2025, following similarly strong growth of 18%/year between 2010 and 2019. The increase in coal production since 2022 has helped offset declining gas production and support fuel supply to power plants.

Coal consumption reached 2 Mt in 2025, up 1% year-on-year. Consumption increased by 10%/year 2010 and 2023. Most coal is used for power generation (69%), with the remaining 31% consumed by industry.

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Myanmar energy report

Interactive Chart Myanmar Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Myanmar Renewable in % Electricity Production

In 2018, the MOEP at the time targeted an 8% share of wind and PV in the power mix in 2021 and 12% in 2025. In 2021, the updated NDC set an unconditional target of 13% share of wind and PV in 2025, and 11% in 2030 (17% in 2030 with conditions). Currently, this share amounts to 3%.

As stated in its latest NDC (2021), the country aims to reach a capacity of approximately 2 GW of renewables by 2030 (excl. hydropower), which could be expanded to 3 070 MW, provided sufficient international support is secured.

Source: Myanmar energy report

Interactive Chart Myanmar Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Myanmar GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its updated NDC (2021), Myanmar set the unconditional target of reducing its cumulative GHG emissions from the energy sector over 2021-2030 by 105 MtCO2eq compared to a BAU projection of 297 MtCO2eq, corresponding to a 35% reduction in cumulative emissions by 2030; the conditional target increases this reduction to 48%. The country has also set an unconditional target to reduce deforestation by 25% in 2030 (50%, conditionally).

Source: Myanmar energy report

Interactive Chart Myanmar CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data