Mexico Key Figures
- Population:
- 128 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 3.23 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 84.2%
Data of the last year available: 2023
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 80.8 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 3.29 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 10.9%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Mexico energy report
Mexico Energy News
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Mexico Energy Research
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Mexico Total Energy Consumption
Total energy consumption per capita is 1.5 toe and electricity consumption per capita reached around 2 500 kWh (2023).
Total energy consumption has increased by around 3%/year on average since 2020, reaching 192 Mtoe in 2023, after a 6.5% drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, it had been decreasing slightly over 2013-2019 (by 0.5%/year).
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Interactive Chart Mexico Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Mexico energy report
Mexico Crude Oil Production
Oil production has resumed a slightly upward trend since 2021, reaching 98.5 Mt in 2023, after remaining stable at around 95 Mt since 2019. Previously, it had been falling rapidly since peaking at 191 Mt in 2004 (-4.6%/year). Approximately 70% of the production is extracted in the Bay of Campeche, in the south of the Gulf of Mexico (offshore). Mexico's sliding oil production is mainly explained by the decline of the Cantarell field (from 2 mb/d in 2004 to 0.16 mb/d in 2018 and no production since 2019). Around half of the production is exported (52% in 2023).
Interactive Chart Mexico Crude Oil Production
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Mexico Oil Products Consumption
The consumption of oil products increased slightly in 2023 up to 78 Mt, after an 11% rebound in 2022 from a low of 69 Mt over 2020-2021. It had been decreasing between 2013 and 2019 - at a faster pace since 2016 (-3%/year compared to -1%/year over 2013-2016). Between 2005 and 2013, it remained largely stable (around 93 Mt).
Transport represents almost half of the demand, followed by power plants (18%), industry (13.5%), and residential, services and agriculture (13%).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Mexico Refined Oil Products Production
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Mexico Natural Gas Consumption
Gas demand has been increasing by 2.5%/year on average since 2010 to 94 bcm (+6% in 2023). It increased more rapidly between 2000 and 2010 (around 4%/year) with the commissioning of numerous gas power plants.
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
About 60% of gas demand is used for power production, 28% by the oil and gas sector, and 12% by industry (2023). Gas use in buildings (residential and services) remains marginal (1%).
Interactive Chart Mexico Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Mexico Coal Consumption
The demand for coal rebounded in 2022 (+34%) and 2023 (+8%) to 16.8 Mt, after decreasing rapidly over 2011-2018 (-4.5%/year on average), with more striking reductions in 2020 (-27%) and 2021 (-12%).
Power generation absorbed almost 90% of the coal consumption in 2023 (it used to be around two thirds).
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2023, %)
Interactive Chart Mexico Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
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View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Mexico energy report
Mexico Power Consumption
Electricity consumption has been increasing by around 3%/year on average since 2013, reaching 324 TWh in 2023.
The share of industry in electricity consumption is very high (64% in 2023), partly because large commercial buildings are included in industry. They are followed by households (24%) and services (7%). About 99% of the population is connected to the grid.
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Mexico Renewable in % Electricity Production
The General Law on Climate Change set the target of a 35% share for "clean energies" (renewables, nuclear, CHP, and CCS) in total power generation in 2024 (18% in 2023), 37.7% in 2030, and 50% in 2050. SENER expects to reach a share of 50% earlier, in 2034. In 2024, the government announced its plan to increase the share of renewables in the power mix to 45% by 2030.
Interactive Chart Mexico Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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Mexico CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
In its updated NDC (2022), the country increased its unconditional GHG emissions reduction target to 35% by 2030 compared to BAU levels (a reduction of 347 MtCO2eq). National resources will account for at least 30%, while 5% will be covered by international cooperation and planned clean energy financing. Emissions of black carbon should be cut by 51% below BAU by 2030. Mexico could raise its emission reduction targets to 40% (black carbon emissions to 70%) conditional to international support and financing. GHG emissions decreased by 0.4% in 2021 to 714 MtCO2eq.