Kenya Energy Information

Kenya Energy Research

- Kenya's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: Kenya advances energy reforms: 76% electrification, 100% renewables by 2030, competitive markets, and carbon trading framework.

- Kenya's Energy Companies: KenGen dominates Kenya’s power sector, while NOCK and KPC undergo privatisation. GDC leads geothermal expansion.

- Kenya's Energy Supply & Demand: Kenya’s energy mix shifted significantly towards renewables, with geothermal, wind, and solar now comprising 61% of power generation, up from 21% in 2010.

- Kenya's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Final energy demand in Kenya is led by biomass (63%), with the residential-tertiary sector consuming 69%. Motor fuel prices rose nearly 50% since 2020.

- Kenya's Issues & Prospects: Kenya aims to triple power capacity by 2030, prioritising 100% clean energy via geothermal, wind, and solar expansion, while phasing out coal and advancing nuclear plans.

Kenya Total Energy Production & Consumption

Total energy consumption has increased by 1.5%/year since 2019 to 31 Mtoe in 2024, after growing by an average of 2.2%/year from 2010 to 2019. Total per capita energy consumption is around 0.55 toe (2024), 20% above the Sub-Saharan Africa average.

The share of biomass in total energy consumption decreased from 75% in 2010 to 64% in 2024, whereas the share of primary electricity (hydro, geothermal, and wind) rose from 8% in 2010 to 17% in 2024. The share of oil has decreased by 4 points since 2019 to 15% in 2024, while coal is marginal (4%).

Source: Kenya energy report

Interactive Chart Kenya Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Kenya Oil Production & Consumption

Kenya's energy landscape continues to evolve as the nation manages its four primary petroleum exploration basins: the Lamu, Anza, Mandera, and Tertiary Rift. While Kenya has not yet reached the stage of commercial oil production, the infrastructure for its 63 petroleum blocks is actively being refined to attract global investment. Currently, 27 of these blocks are under license—with 26 held by 13 different international oil companies and one managed by the National Oil Corporation of Kenya (NOCK)—leaving 35 blocks open for future bidding.

Source: Kenya energy report

Interactive Chart Kenya Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart Kenya Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Kenya Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Since 2010, coal consumption has increased by an average of almost 20%/year, reaching 1.8 Mt in 2024; coal is only consumed in industry.

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: Kenya energy report

Interactive Chart Kenya Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Kenya Renewable in % Electricity Production

RERAC, the Renewable Energy Resources Advisory Committee established under the Energy Act (2019), advises the Cabinet Secretary on the management and development of renewable energy resources. Meanwhile, REREC (Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Corporation) serves as the lead implementing agency for renewable energy projects—excluding geothermal and large hydro—with a primary focus on rural electrification and the expansion of the national green energy mix.

Source: Kenya energy report

Interactive Chart Kenya Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Kenya GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its updated NDC (2020), the country set a GHG emissions reduction target of 32% in 2030 (30% previously), compared to a BaU scenario of 143 MtCO2e. To reach this target, Kenya commits to mobilise resources to meet 21% of the budget by bringing US$ 3.7bn and will require international support for the remaining 79% of the budget.

Source: Kenya energy report

Interactive Chart Kenya CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data