Hungary Energy Information

Hungary Related Research

Total Energy Consumption

Energy consumption per capita is 2.7 toe (13% below the EU average), including 4 200 kWh of electricity (24% below the EU average) (2019).

Total energy consumption decreased by 1.7%/year from 2018 to 2020 after a period of rapid growth between 2014 and 2018 (+4%/year).

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Interactive Chart Hungary Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Oil production, which is distributed over 6 production sites, covers around 14% of the country's needs (1.1 Mt in 2020 and 2021). Russia is the main oil supplier (60% in 2020), followed by Kazakhstan and Iraq.

The country has one refinery, the Szazhalombatta refinery of MOL, with a capacity of 162 kb/d (8.1 Mt/year), that processed 7.3 Mt in 2021. MOL closed its Zala refinery in 2001 (10 kb/d) and Tisza refinery (61 kb/d in 2008).

Interactive Chart Hungary Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Oil consumption has been rising very rapidly since 2013 (by 5.5%/year), reaching 7.6 Mt in 2019. It decreased by 5% in 2020 and remained stable in 2021.

The bulk of oil products is consumed in the transport sector (54% in 2020, compared to 44% in 2000), but a high share (34%) is consumed in industry, especially for non-energy uses.

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Hungary Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption has increased rapidly since 2014, by 4%/year on average (11 bcm in 2020). It fell rapidly between 2005 and 2014 (by 5.6%/year).

Half of the gas is consumed by households and services (49% in 2020). The share of industry in gas consumption has increased since 2000, from 18% to 22% in 2020 (including non-energy uses), a share higher than that of the power sector (19%).

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Interactive Chart Hungary Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Coal and lignite consumption halved between 1990 and 2020, from 22 Mt to 7 Mt, in line with the demand from power plants, as most of the coal and lignite is used in the power sector (86%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Hungary Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption rose quite rapidly between 2014 and 2019 (+2.6%/year) and remained stable in 2020 (41 TWh in 2020); it remained relatively stable between 2008 and 2014. According to preliminary data, electricity consumption rose by 6% to 44 TWh in 2021.

The share of electricity consumed in industry has increased from 25% in 2007 to 43% (2020). Households and services account for almost half of electricity consumption, with 29% and 20%, respectively.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

The national target of a 14.65% share of renewables in the final energy consumption in 2020 (i.e. above the EU Directive target of 13%) was missed by 0.5 pp as the country reached 13.9% (11.9% of which for electricity, 17.7% for heating, and 11.6% for transport).

The National Energy and Climate Plan set a target of 21% of renewables in final energy consumption by 2030, of which 21% for electricity, 29% for heating and cooling, and 17% in transport.

Interactive Chart Hungary Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions increased by 4%/year over 2014-2018 and then declined by 2% in 2019 and by 20% in 2020; they were 36% below their 1990 level in 2020.

In 2020, the parliament adopted a law to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. In the medium term, the country is committed to a binding GHG emission reduction target of at least 40% by 2030 compared to 1990, as in other EU countries.

CO2 energy emissions remained stable at 48 Mt in 2018 and 2019, after a rapid increase between 2014 and 2017 (4%/year), and decreased by 4% in 2020.

Graph: CO2-ENERGY EMISSIONS (MtCO2)