Finland Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

Total energy consumption per capita is twice as high as the EU average, at 6.2 toe in 2018, including around 15 300 kWh of electricity (2.7-fold higher than the EU average). The gap is due to a high share of pulp and paper industry activity.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

The country's total consumption has been fluctuating since 2010 (34 Mtoe in 2018).

Interactive Chart Finland Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Oil supplies are primarily ensured by imports, particularly crude oil (more than 80%). In 2018, 81% of crude oil came from Russia and 15% from Norway. Finland is a net exporter of oil products (4.1 Mt in 2018, compared to 4 Mt in 2017), mainly to the European Union.

Interactive Chart Finland Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Since its peak in 2007 (9.9 Mt), oil consumption declined on average by 1.6%/year, to 8.3 Mt (-16%).

Transport is the largest consuming sector for oil products, although its share is relatively modest (45% in 2018). Industry accounts for 31%, buildings (residential and services) for 13%, district heating for 9%, and power plants for just 2%.

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2018, %)

Interactive Chart Finland Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption increased by 12% in 2018, to 2.7 bcm, after a 9%/year decline over 2011-2017

Power plants consumed 40% of gas in 2018, followed by industry (31%). The chemical feedstock industry and district heating sector also consume a large part of the gas.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2018, %)

Interactive Chart Finland Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Coal consumption has remained roughly stable since 2014.

The power sector is the main consumer of coal and peat, with 68% of total consumption in 2018. The share of consumption from industry is relatively low (16%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2018%)

Interactive Chart Finland Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption increased by 1.9%/year between 2015 and 2018, to 85 TWh, after a 1.2%/ decline over 2011-2015.

The share of industry in electricity consumption was 47% in 2018, compared to 27% for the residential sector and 21% for services.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2018, %)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

Motiva is also in charge of renewables.

In accordance with the Directive on Renewables, renewables must represent 38% of final consumption in 2020 (including 33% of electricity consumption and 20% of transport consumption). This objective was achieved in 2014 (41% in 2018).

Finland has introduced investment subsidies for renewable power plants: the maximum subsidy available is for 40% of a wind or PV project, and 30% to 40% for other renewable technologies (project developers shall bear at least 25% of the total project cost).

Interactive Chart Finland Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions decreased by 4.2%/year on average over the period 2011-2017, and increased by 1.9% in 2018 to 56 Mt, 21% lower than in 1990.

In June 2019, Finland pledged to become carbon neutral by 2035. According to the Finnish Climate Change Panel (FCCP), the country will have to cut its GHG emissions by at least 70% by 2035 from their 1990 levels to reach the objective. In addition, as other EU members, Finland has a binding 40% GHG emission reduction target by 2030 compared to 1990.