Finland Energy Information

Total Energy Consumption

Total energy consumption per capita is twice as high as the EU average, at 5.8 toe in 2020, including over 14 000 kWh of electricity (2.7-fold higher than the EU average). The gap is due to a high share of pulp and paper industry activity.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

The country's total consumption, which had remained stable between 2013 and 2019 at around 34 Mtoe, contracted by 4.7% to 32 Mtoe in 2020.

Interactive Chart Finland Total Energy Consumption

Crude Oil Production

Oil supplies are primarily ensured by imports, particularly crude oil (over 80%). In 2020, crude oil imports declined by 9% to 11.4 Mt; according to preliminary estimates, imports fell again in 2021 (-26%) with 81% of imports coming from Russia and 17% from Norway. Finland is a net exporter of oil products (3.3 Mt of net exports in 2020, compared to 4.3 Mt in 2019), mainly to the European Union. In April 2022, Finland agreed to release 369 kbl of crude oil from its emergency supply in an attempt to ease prices.

Interactive Chart Finland Crude Oil Production

Oil Products Consumption

Between its peak at 10 Mt in 2007 and 2019, oil product consumption declined by around 2%/year on average to 8 Mt. (-22%). It dropped by 5.8% to 7.5 Mt in 2020, in a context of pandemic and transport restrictions.

Transport is the largest consuming sector for oil products, although its share is relatively modest (45% in 2020). Industry accounts for 31% (mainly non-energy uses), buildings (residential and services) for 13%, and district heating for 10%.

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Finland Refined Oil Products Production

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption has remained stable at around 2.6 bcm since 2018. It also stagnated in 2021 according to preliminary estimates. Previously, it had declined very rapidly (9%/year) between 2011 and 2017 to 2.3 bcm.

Power plants accounted for 37% of the gas consumption in 2020, followed by industry (33%). The district heating sector also consumes a large part of the gas (around 10%).

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2020, %)

Interactive Chart Finland Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Coal Consumption

Coal and peat consumption, which had remained roughly stable between 2015 and 2018, fell by 15% in 2019 and 23% in 2020 to around 7 Mt (of which, 60% peat), due to lower demand from the power sector. According to preliminary estimates, coal demand recovered in 2021.

The power sector is the main consumer of coal and peat, with 57% of total consumption in 2020 (of which, 40% peat), followed by industry (21%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Finland Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption has been declining since 2019 (-1.7% in 2019 and -5.4% in 2020), after a progression of 1.8%/year between 2015 and 2018. According to preliminary estimates, electricity consumption rose by 6% in 2021. Previously, electricity consumption declined by 1.2%/year over 2011-2015.

The share of industry in electricity consumption was 45% in 2020, compared to 28% for the residential sector and 22% for services.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

Motiva is also in charge of renewables.

According to Finland's NECP, renewables are expected to account for 50% of the country's final energy consumption in 2030 (of which 30% for transport). The target set in the Directive on Renewables for a 38%share of renewables in the final consumption in 2020 was achieved in 2014 (nearly 44% in 2020, of which 40% in electricity, 58% in heating, and 13% in transport).

Interactive Chart Finland Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

CO₂ Fuel Combustion/CO₂ Emissions

GHG emissions have decreased by 3.9%/year on average since 2010, reaching 53 MtCO₂eq in 2019.