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Türkiye energy report

Türkiye energy report
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Format
2 files (PDF report, Excel file)
Pages
43 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY
  • ENERGY PRICES
  • ENERGY CONSUMPTION
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • DATA TABLES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

This analysis includes a comprehensive Türkiye energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.

Highlights

  • The country targets producing 50% of its electricity from renewables in 2023.
  • It pledges to cut its GHG emissions in 2030 by 21% below a BAU scenario, which would imply a level of emissions more than twice as high as in 2012.
  • Private companies account for around 80% of the power capacity.
  • Electricity and gas distribution is in the hand of municipal companies.
  • The country is very dependent on natural gas and oil imports (99% and 90%, respectively, in 2021).
  • The share of wind, solar, and geothermal in the power mix has increased by 13 points since 2010 to 17%. Generation from coal and lignite, that was fast growing until 2018, has stabilized since then.
  • Motor fuel prices were divided by a factor of 2 between 2015 and 2021. In 2022, high electricity and gas price hikes have been implemented.
  • Total energy demand surged in 2021 (+10%), after a period of stability over 2017-2020.
  • Power generation absorbs a large share of coal and lignite.
  • Buildings are the main gas consumers, while oil is mostly used in transport.
  • Only one nuclear project is moving forward. The development of coal and lignite-fired generation, as well as renewable electricity sources, is continuing.
  • Significant amounts of natural gas have recently been discovered in the Black Sea by TPAO.

-22%

GHG emissions reduction in 2030 (from BAU)

+64%

gas and coal imports since 2010

50%

share of renewables in power mix in 2023

  • Institutions & Energy Policy

    MENR, Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (ETKB in Turkish)controls the energy sector.

  • Energy Companies

    Electricity:

    TEK, the Turkish Electricity Authority, which acted as the national power company until 1993, was gradually split into four companies: EUAS (Production), TEIAS (Transmission), TEDAS (Distribution), and TETAS (Marketing).

  • Energy Supply

    Resources:

    Turkey has limited oil and gas reserves (55 Mt and 6 bcm at the end of 2021). However, the country holds an estimated 680 bcm of recoverable unconventional gas. Its coal and lignite resources (over 6 Gt) are of poor quality and their extraction cost is high (for coal).

  • Energy Prices

    Gas:

    In 2021, the industrial and residential gas prices both decreased significantly to €1.67c/kWh (-20%) and €1.89c/kWh (-18%), respectively. In 2019, gas prices had increased both for industry and households by 30% and 10%, respectively, following successive price hikes. Previously, they decreased rapidly between 2013 and 2018 (-5%/year for industry and -10%/year for households).

  • Energy Consumption

    Total consumption per capita is around 1.9 toe (2021) (of which 3 300 kWh of electricity) compared to about 3.1 toe for the EU.

  • Issues & Prospects

    Electricity:

    As part of the measures to reach its NDC objective, Turkey plans to raise its solar capacity to 10 GW and its wind capacity to 16 GW by 2030 (from 8 and 11 GW, respectively, in 2021). It also aims at commissioning a nuclear power plant and reducing T&D losses to 15% by 2030.

    An objective of 4 GW of geothermal capacity in 2030 has also been set (from 2 GW in 2021).

  • GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
  • GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
  • GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
  • GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
  • GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
  • GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
  • GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
  • GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
  • GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
  • GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
  • Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Türkiye energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Türkiye country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Türkiye Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Türkiye energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Türkiye country report is complemented with a national power generation dashboard (excel file) from our Power Plant Tracker Service.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • New capacities: Current power mix, installed capacity at date, capacity under construction and under development.
  • Power Sector Performances: Historical data on installed capacity, power generation, thermal power plants inputs, average thermal power plant efficiency, CO2 emissions of the power sector, carbon factor of the power sector.