The Netherlands energy report

• The Netherlands fell around 3 points short of the renewable target in 2020.
• The National Climate Agreement targets a 49% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030.
• A CO₂ tax for industrial production and waste incineration at €30/t was implemented in January 2021.
• The power market is dominated by RWE, Vattenfall, and Eneco.
• The State plays a central role in the gas market through its participation in the largest companies.
• Gas production has dropped by more than 70% since 2013.
• The country plays a central role in Europe's oil supply, with 60% of the oil product output being exported.
• The share of renewables in the power mix increased by 6% points in 2020 to 25%.
• Gasoline prices are the highest in the EU. Electricity prices for households decreased by 36% in 2020.
• Electricity and gas prices for industry increased significantly in 2020.
• Natural gas dominates the energy mix (45% in 2020).
• Oil consumption is driven by the large petrochemical industry and refining sector.
• Coal consumption has been decreasing rapidly since 2015.
• Shell, Groningen Seaports Gasunie, and the province of Groningen launched the 10 GW NortH₂ project in 2020 to produce hydrogen using offshore wind.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy (EZK), through the Directorate-General for Climate and Energy, oversees the establishment of national energy and climate policies.

  The Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, through the Directorate-General for the Environment and International Affairs (DGMI), is responsible for environmental policy.

• Energy Supply

  Gas:

  Gas production dropped by more than 70%, from 87 bcm in 2013 to 24 bcm in 2020, due to the production cap imposed on the Groningen field.

  Imports increased from 24 bcm in 2011 to 60 bcm in 2020 (+150%). In 2019, they mainly came from Germany (29%), Russia (24%), Belgium (20%), and Norway (16%). The country became a net importer in 2018. In 2020, the deficit was 20 bcm.

• Energy Prices

  Oil:

  The Netherlands had the most expensive gasoline in the EU in 2020 (€1.56/l) due to its high excise tax (0.8/l).

  Diesel prices reached €1.24/l in 2020. The excise tax on diesel (€0.50/l in 2020) is among the 10 highest in the EU. Trends in road fuel prices follow that of international prices.

  Graph: GASOLINE & DIESEL PRICES (€/l)

• Energy Consumption

  Energy consumption per capita reached 4 toe in 2020 and is around 25% higher than the EU average, mainly because of the large refining and petrochemical industries. Per capita electricity consumption is 6 400 kWh, which is 20% above the EU average.

• Issues & Prospects

  According to NEO 2020, the primary energy consumption is forecast to decline by 8.5% over 2018-2030. The decline would mainly come from space heating for final consumption and would mostly affect natural gas for primary consumption.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the The Netherlands energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2020, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2020, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
• GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2020, %)
• GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2020, %)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2020, %)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
• GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2020, %)
• GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2020, %)
• GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2020, %)

In the The Netherlands energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator.

The The Netherlands country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.