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Mozambique energy report

Mozambique energy report
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Format
3 files (PDF report, 2 Excel files)
Pages
62 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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1 190 €

Overview

Mozambique possesses substantial natural gas, coal, and hydro resources, positioning it as a key regional energy supplier. While biomass dominates domestic consumption, ongoing investments in liquefied natural gas, power generation, and grid expansion aim to transform the national energy landscape.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • By 2030, the government aims to reach an electrification rate of 100%, up from 60% in late 2024, and to double the hydropower capacity. In its provisional NDC 3.0, Mozambique targets a conditional GHG emission reduction of at least 15% compared to a BaU by 2035.
  • EDM dominates power generation (70% of total production) and is responsible for electricity transmission and distribution. Eni, ExxonMobil, and TotalEnergies are the concessionaires of the largest deep water offshore gas blocks.
  • Mozambique has huge offshore natural gas resources that could turn the country into a large LNG exporter. The first LNG export terminal started operating in 2022. Hydro represents over 80% of the electricity mix, since coal production is exported.
  • Per capita energy consumption is very low. Biomass is the main energy source (68%). Electricity prices have been subsidised since 2012 because of the increasing cost of supply due to expensive gas-based power generation from IPPs.
  • Around 20 GW of power plants are currently under development. The country intends to become a major gas player through the exploitation of its significant reserves.
5th
largest natural gas resources in Africa
83%
share of hydro in power mix (2024)
68%
share of biomass in the energy mix (2024)

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    MIREME, Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy is responsible for the overall policy and institutional and regulatory framework, as well as setting energy targets and strategies.

  • Energy Companies

    Gas:

    ENH is also involved in gas production projects through its subsidiaries.

    ENH Energy Trading (ENH 51%, Vitol 49%) markets LNG, LPG, and condensate.

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Resources:

    Mozambique owns large energy resources. The country has a large hydro potential, estimated at 18.6 GW, with 5.6 GW presenting technical and economic feasibility. It is mainly located in the Zambezi Valley, which includes the existing Cahora Bassa Dam.

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Industry:

    After a significant increase between 2020 and 2021 (+25%), electricity prices for industry have remained stable at around US$7.5c/kWh (including taxes).

    Graph: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)

  • Issues & Prospects

    Gas:

    Mozambique has become an LNG exporter, gas having overtaken coal as its leading export in 2025 and could become a major African player if its two onshore projects are delivered.

  • Graph 1: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 2: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024)
  • Graph 3: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024)
  • Graph 5: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
  • Graph 6: Power Generation by Source (2024)
  • Graph 7: Crude Oil Production & Consumption
  • Graph 8: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
  • Graph 9: Gas Production & Consumption
  • Graph 10: Coal Production & Consumption
  • Graph 11: Emissions of GHG and CO2 from Fuel Combustion
  • Graph 12: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 13: Final Consumption by Sector
  • Graph 14: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024)
  • Graph 15: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
  • Graph 16: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 17: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
  • Graph 18: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 19: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
  • Graph 20: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 21: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source

    • L

  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The Mozambique energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Mozambique country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Mozambique Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Mozambique energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).