Indonesia energy report

• The country targets a share of renewables of 23% in the total primary energy supply in 2025 and of 28% in the power capacity in 2038.
• PLN represents around 95% of the electricity supply.
• IOCs provide most of the oil and gas production.
• Several private players are active in the coal sector, which is fragmented.
• Coal dominates the power mix (62% in 2021) with a fast-growing market share (+ 21 pp since 2010).
• Gas exports have been divided by 2 since 2010.
• Several measures have been taken to decrease the burden of energy price subsidies on the economy.
• Energy consumption increased by around 4% in 2021 and was still 6% below its 2019 level.
• The share of coal in the energy mix has increased by 14 pp since 2013 to 29%.
• According to the National Energy Outlook, energy demand is expected to increase by 5% per year by 2050.
• Indonesia will become a net importer of gas in the next decade.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM or MEMR) is in charge of developing national resources and regulating state monopolies.

• Energy Companies

  Gas:

  Pertamina produced 27 bcm of natural gas in 2021. It is the majority shareholder of the Bontang liquefaction unit (22 Mt/year) managed by PT Badak LNG (Pertamina 55%, Vico 20%, JILCO- Japan Indonesia LNG Company 15% and Total 10%).

• Energy Supply

  Gas:

  Natural gas production decreased by 12% in 2020 to 59 bcm and remained stable in 2021. It had previously increased by 20% from 2007 to 2010, then decreased by 2.4%/year on average over 2010-2019. The rapid growth in the country's natural gas production seen in the 90s (6%/year) slowed down over the 2000 decade because of depleting fields (0.6%/year between 2000 and 2008).

• Energy Prices

  Oil:

  Since 2005, the price of oil products is fixed by the Ministry of Energy and the Ministry of Finance according to the market price ("MOPS" +5%, Mid Oil Platts Singapore) and a variable subsidy rate. In 2015, the Government announced the capping of subsidies for premium gasoline and diesel.

• Energy Consumption

  Total consumption per capita is 0.8 toe, while electricity consumption per capita is 978 kWh (2021).

  Total energy consumption increased by 3.4%/year from 2013 to 2019 and declined by around 10% in 2020. Consumption increased by around 4% in 2021 but was still 6 below 2019 levels.

• Issues & Prospects

  The Energy Outlook 2019 by the National Energy Council projects the following energy mix in the BAU scenario: renewables 21% in 2025 and 29% in 2050, oil 21% and 16%, gas 24% and 23%, coal 34% and 32%. The final energy consumption would reach 549 Mtoe in 2050.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY COMPANIES
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the Indonesia energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 8: Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %)
• GRAPH 9: Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 10: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 12: Electricity consumption (TWh)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 14: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 15: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 16: Coal consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 17: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)

In the Indonesia energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The Indonesia country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.