- Update
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- Format
- 4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
- Pages
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50 (Report only)
- Delivery
- Immediate by e-mail
- GENERAL OVERVIEW
- INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
- ENERGY SUPPLY
- ENERGY PRICES
- ENERGY CONSUMPTION
- ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
- DATA TABLES
- ABBREVIATIONS
- GLOSSARY
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Overview
This analysis includes a comprehensive Australia energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.
Highlights
- Australia raised its 2030 carbon emission reduction target to 43% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels.
- The electricity sector has many local and private companies.
- The coal and hydrocarbon sectors are dominated by large international companies.
- The rapid decrease of coal in the power mix (-24 pp since 2010 to 47% in 2023) was offset by solar and wind (27% in 2023).
- LNG exports grew very rapidly between 2015 and 2020 (25%/year) and have progressed more slowly since then (3%/year), reaching 118 bcm in 2023.
- Most LNG exports went to South Korea in 2023 (90%)
- Motor fuel prices rose by 40% between 2020 and 2022 and decreased in 2023; they are 30% below the OECD average.
- A temporary cap on gas and coal prices was introduced until mid-2025, to limit increases of electricity and gas prices.
- The share of coal in the energy mix has decreased by 11 points since 2010, while the share of natural gas has increased by 7 points. Carbon-free sources only account for 11% of the energy mix.
- More than 18 GW of solar, wind, battery storage, and hydro are under construction or subject to a FID.
- The country's first LNG import terminal started operation, amid concerns regarding gas supply.
Institutions & Energy Policy
Australia is a constitutional monarchy with a federal division of powers. The country is made up of six states and two territories: New South Wales (NSW), Queensland (QLD), Victoria (VIC), South Australia (SA), Tasmania (TAS) and Western Australia (WA), and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and the Northern Territory (NT). The first three account for around ¾ of the GDP.
Energy Supply
Resources:
Australia possesses vast energy resources, including 75 Gt of proven economic coal reserves, and 74 Gt of lignite (end of 2023).
Energy Prices
Gas:
Between 2020 and 2023, average natural gas prices for industry and households increased by 20% and 15% to reach US$2.81c/kWh and US$9.25c/kWh, respectively. Industry customers are benefitting from relatively low prices, which are 20% below the OECD average, while household prices stand 20% above the OECD average.
Graph: GAS PRICES FOR INDUSTRY AND HOUSEHOLDS (US$c/kWh GCV)
Energy Consumption
Per capita energy consumption is around 25% higher than the average of OECD countries, amounting to 5.0 toe/cap in 2023, while per capita electricity consumption was 9.3 MWh/cap.
Total energy consumption remained relatively stable between 2010 and 2023 (between 130 and 135 Mtoe according to the year considered).
Issues & Prospects
Electricity:
AEMO released its 2024 Integrated System Plan, outlining a 30-year roadmap of investments for the NEM in June 2024. To deliver the lowest cost pathway, this plan calls for a sixfold increase of utility-scale renewables to 127 GW, a fourfold rise in distributed solar to 86 GW, and for 75 GW of firm dispatchable generation, all by 2050.
- GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
- GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2023, %)
- GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
- GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2023, %)
- GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l)
- GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh)
- GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh GCV)
- GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
- GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2023, %)
- GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2023, %)
- GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
- GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
- GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
- GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
- GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
- GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
- GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
- GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
- Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
- Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
- Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
- Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
- Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.
The Australia energy market data since 1990 and up to
is included in the Excel file accompanying the Australia country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.
Key Data included in the excelsheet:
- Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
- Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
- Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
- Energy Balance: total and per energy.
- Australia Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Australia energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).
The Australia country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.
Data included in the excelsheet:
- Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
- Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
- CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
- Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
- Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.