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Global Energy Trends - 2023 Edition

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Report - 2023 Edition: a troubled, yet promising year for energy transition?

This report will provide you with 2021 vs. 2022 energy and climate data benchmarks and detailed analysis on the Global Stocktake “How have CO2 emissions evolved since the Paris Agreement, and what were the main drivers behind this evolution?” and on the natural gas crisis "What measures were implemented to adapt to the new geopolitical situation regarding natural gas supply in the EU".

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Consolidated 2022 energy and climate statistics and detailed analysis on the Global Stocktake and on the natural gas crisis 

With the conflict in Ukraine and the resulting blockade of exchanges with Russia, the security of energy supply and prices were significantly impacted, especially in Europe.

Our Global Energy Trends publication provides you with an in-depth analysis of 2022 consolidated statistics and 2023 trends, performed by our experts, leveraging our unique databases.

2021 VS 2022 comparison of key energy and climate figures for G20 countries

G20 countries account for 80% of global energy consumption

Figures in orange: data for 2022

Figures in blue: data for 2021

 

+3.2%

+6.2%

 

Return of economic growth to its rate

At purchasing power parity

2020: -3.1%
2010-19: +3.4%

 

+1.7%

+5.1%

11.8 Gtoe

Growth in energy consumption at its historical trend

2020: -3%
2010-19: +1.9%

 

+1.9%

+6.3%

28.3 GtCO2

New increase in CO2 emissions*, above 2019 level

2020: -4.9%
2010-19: +0.8%

*CO2 emissions from energy combustion (> 80% of CO2 emissions)

Key Takeaways:

  • The global economy resumed its trend growth (+3.2%), although there was a slowdown in China due to the Zero-COVID policy.
  • CO2 emissions once again experienced an increase of almost 2%, and the carbon factor continued to rise as coal consumption has grown over the last two years, further deviating from the 2 °C pathway.
  • Renewable power generation continued to expand, with solar growing by 27% and wind by 13%.
  • Ultimately, in 2022, we reverted to the pre-COVID trends. However, concerns persist regarding the long-term impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

Carbon factor evolution in G20 countries

Carbon factor evolution in G20 countries

Source: Enerdata, Global Energy & CO2 Data

Trends in Coal Consumption in G20 Countries (%/year)

Trends in Coal Consumption in G20 Countries

Source: Enerdata, Global Energy & CO2 Data

Global Stocktake: How and why have global emissions evolved since the Paris Agreement?

Key Takeaways:

  • Efforts to reduce energy intensity and the carbon factor are inadequate to align with the objectives outlined in the Paris Agreement.
  • CO2 emissions have continued to increase, despite economic growth being weaker than anticipated.
  • This global observation holds true at the regional level as well, especially in China, the USA and Europe, where the observed trend improvements are still insufficient.

Global CO2 emissions

Global CO2 emissions

Source : Enerdata, Global Energy & CO2 Data

* 2022 emissions estimated

The gas crisis in Europe

Historically, Europe has relied heavily on imported natural gas imports, mainly from Russia.

The Russia-Ukraine conflict has shuffled this scenario, but supplies have not been disrupted as initially feared, thanks to two key factors:

  • Total household consumption decreased by 12% compared to 2019
  • There was a significant increase in LNG imports: +60% compared to 2019

Main drivers behind the decrease of Russian gas imports in the EU between 2019 and 2022

Decrease of Russian gas imports in the EU

Source : Enerdata, Global Energy & CO2 Data, Eurostat, Cedigaz