The share of Russian gas in the European Union (EU)'s gas imports fell from 45% in 2021 to 24% in 2022 and to 15% in 2023, according to the European Commission. Russian gas imports decreased by 46% in 2023, falling from 78.8 bcm in 2022 to 42.9 bcm in 2023, in a context of reduced gas demand, partly thanks to higher renewable use. In parallel, the share of Norway in European gas imports rose from 27% in 2022 to 30% in 2023, while the share of the United States grew from 15% in 2022 to 19% in 2023 (from 50 bcm to over 56 bcm in 2023).
In 2022, oil accounted for 33% of total energy consumption in the EU, gas for 23%, coal for 13%, nuclear 12%, biomass for 12%, and wind and solar for 4%. Gas consumption declined by 12% in 2022 to 368 bcm and by 8% in 2023, according to ACER. Previously, it remained relatively stable at around 400 bcm between 2017 and 2021. Buildings (residential and services sector) accounted for 37% of total gas consumption; the remaining amount is consumed in electricity production (30%) and in industry (27%) (2022).