The Vietnamese government has approved its National Climate Change Strategy to 2050, which targets net zero emissions for Vietnam by 2050. In addition, the strategy, which projects a peak in carbon emissions by 2035 before a rapid decline, aims to reduce the country's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 43% in 2030 (compared to a BAU scenario). The document, which sets the country’s overall climate change adaptation and resilience goals, also intends to maintain the forest coverage in the country at 43% and to supply clean water and safe housing for 100% of the Vietnamese population living in areas frequently affected by natural disasters.
Vietnam committed to carbon neutrality by 2050 in November 2021, but this objective was not yet enshrined in a policy document. Under its 2015 Renewable Energy Development Strategy, the country previously aimed for a 45% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050 compared to a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario. In 2020, Vietnam pledged in its updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to cut its GHG emissions in 2030 by 9% (unconditional) to 27% (conditional) compared to normal operations.
CO2 emissions from energy combustion have increased very rapidly from 2000 to 2019 (almost 10%/year), reaching 273 MtCO2. They even rose by almost 50% between 2017 and 2019 because of a large increase in coal consumption for power generation (+75%). The COVID-19 outbreak temporarily stopped this progression.
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