The US House of Representatives has passed legislation authorising tariffs of up to 100% on imports from countries purchasing significant volumes of Russian oil and gas, sending the measure for presidential approval (NBC News, 17/09/2026).
The legislation aims to reduce Russia’s energy revenues funding its war against Ukraine, which began in 2022, and expands sanctions targeting Russian officials, financial institutions and Iran’s weapons and energy sectors. Countries normally receive 180 days to reduce Russian energy imports or negotiate with the United States, although the US president can shorten this period.
China and India face the greatest exposure as Russia’s main crude buyers, accounting for 50% and 37%, respectively, of Russian crude exports between December 2022 and August 2026.
India, which sourced around 30% of its crude imports from Russia in fiscal 2026, said it was assessing the implications for energy security and international markets. According to a senior member of the Atlantic Council, the bill could significantly affect India amid sensitive trade negotiations and strained relations with the US. China faces similar risks but has greater leverage through its role in global supply chains and larger economic relationship with the US.
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