Indonesia plans to submit its second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in April 2021. The country will maintain the target stated in its first NDC, which is to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 29% by 2030 (compared with a business as usual scenario) with its own efforts, and by 41% with international support. The country also intends to reduce the use of coal by 60% in 2050 and aims to reach net-zero emissions in 2070.
CO2 emissions from energy combustion are increasing rapidly and regularly (around 5%/year since 1990), rising from 147 MtCO2 in 1990 to 595 MtCO2 in 2019. Oil is Indonesia's main source of energy, providing 31% of the total (2019), followed by coal (28%), gas (17%), biomass (13%), geothermal and hydro (11%). The share of coal is increasing (+15% points since 2012), largely at the expense of oil.
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