Estonia has initiated a national planning process and environmental impact assessment (EIA) for the development of a 600 MW SMR nuclear power plant, which will use GE Hitachi's BWRX-300 technology and be developed by the Estonian company Fermi Energia.
The planning process is structured in three phases. By 2027, a site pre-selection phase will focus on areas near Kunda in Viru-Nigula County, and the village of Aa in Lüganuse County. In 2027, the process will advance to detailed site confirmation, while Fermi Energia plans to submit a construction permit application in 2029. Construction could begin in 2031 and the first of the two SMRs could start operation in 2035.
In June 2024, the Estonian parliament had passed a resolution supporting the adoption of nuclear energy in the country based on an analysis conducted by the Nuclear Energy Working Group. The country does not yet have nuclear capacity.