- Update
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- Format
- 4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
- Pages
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77 (Report only)
- Delivery
- Immediate by e-mail
- GENERAL OVERVIEW
- ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
- ENERGY COMPANIES
- ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
- ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
- ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
- STATISTICS
- ABBREVIATIONS
- GLOSSARY
Buy United States energy report
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After validation, you will immediately receive 4 files by email (one pdf report and 3 excel files containing the datasets).
Overview
The US energy and climate policy landscape reflects a complex balance between ambitious emissions reduction targets and shifting political priorities. While federal agencies oversee energy regulation, production, and environmental compliance, recent administrative changes have prioritised fossil fuel expansion, rolling back renewable incentives and revising efficiency standards. State-level policies vary significantly, with some advancing renewable energy mandates and carbon pricing initiatives, while others maintain traditional energy structures. Despite progress in low-carbon technologies, policy reversals and market dynamics continue to shape the nation’s energy transition.
Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.
Highlights
- The US targets (50-52% reduction in GHG emissions in 2030, or carbon-free power generation in 2035) are compromised by the decision of the US to withdraw from the Paris agreement.
- Ten large electricity companies own about 30% of the total capacity. Chevron is the country's biggest oil producer, ahead of ConocoPhillips and ExxonMobil.
- The US is the largest producer of both oil and gas worldwide. Oil production has been growing by 5%/year since 2020. Coal consumption has decreased by 63% since its peak in 2007. Carbon-free sources reached 40% of the power mix in 2024 (+12 points since 2010).
- Oil still accounts for almost half of the final energy consumption in 2024 (46%). US energy prices are 40-50% below the OECD average.
- LNG export capacities are expected to increase by more than 50% by 2026 and LNG export volumes to double by 2050. More than 40% of the coal-fired capacity will be retired by 2030, as well as almost 20% of the nuclear capacity by 2033.
Energy & Climate Policy Framework
The Department of Energy (DoE) oversees the coordination of all the national activities concerning the production, regulation, management, and conservation of energy. The Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy is in charge of developing and promoting energy technologies that contribute to "sustainable" development.
Energy Companies
Electricity:
NextEra Energy is the largest generating utility, owning a total capacity of around 69 GW (end of 2024), followed by Duke Energy, with around 55 GW. and by Southern Company (45 GW).
Energy Supply & Demand
Resources:
The United States has substantial energy resources. Oil reserves are estimated at around 8.6 Gt (located mainly in 5 states/areas: Texas, North Dakota, Gulf of Mexico, Alaska, and California). Of these reserves, around 37% is shale oil. Total gas reserves are estimated at 18 484 bcm. Coal reserves are 218 Gt, with an additional 30 Gt of lignite.
Energy Use and Price by Sector
Energy Prices in Industry:
The average price of electricity for industry increased by 11%/year from 2020 to 2022 and remained stable thereafter ($8.1c/kWh in 2024). Household and industry prices remain the lowest in the OECD. The average electricity price varies from state to state, from lower levels in Washington, Louisiana, and Idaho to higher prices in California, Connecticut, New York, Alaska, and Hawaii.
Issues & Prospects
Official EIA long-term forecasts (AEO- Annual Energy Outlook 2023, reference scenario) expect energy consumption to increase slightly until 2050 (0.2%/year). This is a smaller expectation compared to the last AEO (+0.9%/year) until 2050.
- Graph 1: Final Intensity to GDP
- Graph 2: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
- Graph 3: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024)
- Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
- Graph 5: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024)
- Graph 6: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
- Graph 7: Power Generation by Source (2024)
- Graph 8: CO2 Intensity of Electricity Generation
- Graph 9: Crude Oil Production & Consumption
- Graph 10: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
- Graph 11: Gas Production & Consumption
- Graph 12: Coal Production & Consumption
- Graph 13: Emissions of GHG and CO₂ from Fuel Combustion
- Graph 14: CO₂-Emissions per Capita
- Graph 15: CO2 Intensity to GDP
- Graph 16: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
- Graph 17: Final Consumption by Sector
- Graph 18: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024)
- Graph 19: Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption
- Graph 20: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
- Graph 21: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
- Graph 22: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
- Graph 23: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
- Graph 24: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
- Graph 25: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
- Graph 26: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
- Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
- Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
- Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
- Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
The United States energy market data since 1990 and up to
is included in the Excel file accompanying the United States country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.
Key Data included in the excelsheet:
- Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
- Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
- Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
- Energy Balance: total and per energy.
- United States Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the United States energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).
The United States country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.
Data included in the excelsheet:
- Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
- Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
- CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
- Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
- Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.