United Kingdom energy report

• The government intends to phase out coal by 2024 and reduce its GHG emissions by 78% by 2035, compared to 1990 levels.
• The power supply is dominated by EDF and RWE. British Gas is the leading supplier on the retail electricity and gas market.
• The share of carbon-free generation in the power mix has increased by 31 points since 2010 to 57% in 2021.
• Almost the entire fleet of nuclear reactors should be decommissioned over the next decade.
• The cap on the default tariff for gas and electricity was increased by 54% in April 2022.
• The price of gas for industry rose by 24% in 2021.
• Energy consumption rebounded by 2% in 2021, after a 11% drop in 2020.
• Coal consumption has dropped by 90% since 2012.
• The government plans to raise offshore wind capacity to 40 GW by 2030.
• A planning application for the 2.2 GW Bradwell B nuclear plant is expected to be submitted in 2022.
• There are 13 power interconnection projects totalling 10 GW under development.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  TheDepartment for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) oversees energy and climate change policy.

  The gas and electricity sectors are regulated by the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem), except in Northern Ireland where the Utility Regulator oversees these markets.

• Energy Supply

  Resources:

  The UK has large oil and gas reserves, mainly located in the North Sea:  339 Mt for crude oil and 247 bcm for gas (at end-2021) that are declining rapidly (640 Mt and 1 200 bcm, respectively in 2000). Shale gas reserves have been estimated at 39 900 bcm by the British Geological Survey (BGS), with 37 600 bcm in the Bowland Shale and 2 300 bcm in the Weald Basin.

• Energy Prices

  Oil:

  The price of motor fuels in €/l increased by 9-11% in 2021, after a decrease by 10% in 2020. Previously, gasolines prices increased by 2%/year between 2016 and 2019 and diesel prices by 4%/year.

  Prices of gasoline in the UK are 10% higher than in France and 12% higher than in Germany (2021). Diesel prices in the UK are 19% higher than in France and 25% higher than in Germany.

• Energy Consumption

  Consumption per capita has shrunk by almost a third since 2000, bringing it to 2.3 toe in 2021. Electricity consumption per capita dropped by more than 20%, from 5 800 kWh in 2000 to 4 300 kWh in 2020.

  In 2021, energy consumption rebounded by 2% to 156 Mtoe, after a 11% drop in 2020. Previously, between 2003 and 2019, energy consumption decreased by almost 2%/year.

• Issues & Prospects

  According to the Sixth Carbon Budget (for 2033-37), outlined in December 2020, total GHG emissions would shrink by 6.1%/year on average over 2020-2035.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

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Below is a list of the United Kingdom energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
• GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %)
• GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 12: Petroleum products consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
• GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)

In the United Kingdom energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The United Kingdom country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.